Abdominal compartments and visceral ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

What layer does peritoneum develop from?

A

Mesoderm

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2
Q

Name the two layers of the peritoneum and what they cover.

A

Parietal- covers abdominopelvic wall

Visceral- covers organs

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3
Q

Name the space between the visceral and parietal layers?

A

Peritoneal cavity

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4
Q

Difference in pain sensitivity of parietal and visceral peritoneum?

A

Pain: parietal generally well localised, visceral poorly localised

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5
Q

Difference in sensitivity of parietal and visceral peritoneum?

A

Parietal- sensitive to pressure, temp and laceration

Visceral- chemical and stretch

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6
Q

Describe blood and nervous supply of parietal and visceral peritoneum.

A

N/B supply: parietal- same N/B as wall region it lines, visceral- same as organ it lines

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7
Q

What is the exception to the good pain localisation of the parietal peritoneum?

A

The part covering the inferior diaphragmatic surface

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8
Q

Where is the pain from the exception usually referred? Which nerve is this due to?

A

Shoulder

as diaphragm is supplied by roots of phrenic nerve (C3-5)

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9
Q

Define intraperitoneal organs

A

Almost completely covered in visceral peritoneum

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10
Q

Define extraperitoneal organs

A

Only partially covered by peritoneum

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11
Q

I/E: liver?

A

I

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12
Q

I/E: spleen?

A

I

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13
Q

I/E: stomach?

A

I

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14
Q

I/E: superior duodenum?

A

I

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15
Q

I/E: Jejunum?

A

I

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16
Q

I/E: ileum?

17
Q

I/E: transverse/sigmoid colon?

18
Q

I/E: superior rectum?

19
Q

I/E: kidneys?

20
Q

I/E: ureter?

21
Q

I/E: adrenal glands/pancreas?

22
Q

I/E: inferior/ascending duodenum?

23
Q

I/E: Ascending /descending colon?

24
Q

Define mesenteries.

A

Double fold of peritoneum formed by an organ covering it

25
Name two mesenteries.
Mesocolons, mesogastrium
26
List two functions of mesenteries
Carries nerve, blood and lymphatic supply to and from organ | Connects intraperitoneal organ to body wall
27
What are omenta?
Double folds of peritoneum | Don't suspend organs
28
Describe the greater omentum?
Attaches to stomach and proximal duodenum Drapes over intestines Folds back on itself to attach to transverse colon
29
List the divisions of the greater omentum
Gastrosplenic, gastrophrenic, gastrocolic ligaments
30
List the divisions of the lesser omentum
Hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments
31
Describe the connections of the lesser omentum
Connects stomach and proximal duodenum to liver
32
Name the contents of the portal triad
Hepatic a, and portal v | Bile duct
33
Describe positions of the sacs
Lesser sac- posterior to stomach and liver | Greater sac- rest of peritoneal cavity
34
What divides supra and infracolic compartments?
Transverse mesocolon
35
What connects the sacs?
Omental foramen
36
What is the functional of peritoneal ligaments?
To connect organs to abdominal wall
37
Which ligament connects liver to anterior abdominal wall?
Falciform
38
What is appendicits?
Appendix obstructed, bacteria proliferate and invade appendix wall General vague central abdominal pain T10 Pain spreads to McBurneys point- parital peritoneum is irritated- more localised
39
Describe McBurneys point
Third way between umbilicus and ASIS