Abdominal compartments and visceral ligaments

Question 1

What layer does peritoneum develop from?

Answer 1

Mesoderm

Question 2

Name the two layers of the peritoneum and what they cover.

Answer 2

Parietal- covers abdominopelvic wall

Visceral- covers organs

Question 3

Name the space between the visceral and parietal layers?

Answer 3

Peritoneal cavity

Question 4

Difference in pain sensitivity of parietal and visceral peritoneum?

Answer 4

Pain: parietal generally well localised, visceral poorly localised

Question 5

Difference in sensitivity of parietal and visceral peritoneum?

Answer 5

Parietal- sensitive to pressure, temp and laceration

Visceral- chemical and stretch

Question 6

Describe blood and nervous supply of parietal and visceral peritoneum.

Answer 6

N/B supply: parietal- same N/B as wall region it lines, visceral- same as organ it lines

Question 7

What is the exception to the good pain localisation of the parietal peritoneum?

Answer 7

The part covering the inferior diaphragmatic surface

Question 8

Where is the pain from the exception usually referred? Which nerve is this due to?

Answer 8

Shoulder

as diaphragm is supplied by roots of phrenic nerve (C3-5)

Question 9

Define intraperitoneal organs

Answer 9

Almost completely covered in visceral peritoneum

Question 10

Define extraperitoneal organs

Answer 10

Only partially covered by peritoneum

Question 11

I/E: liver?

Answer 11

I

Question 12

I/E: spleen?

Answer 12

I

Question 13

I/E: stomach?

Answer 13

I

Question 14

I/E: superior duodenum?

Answer 14

I

Question 15

I/E: Jejunum?

Answer 15

I

Question 16

I/E: ileum?

Answer 16

I

Question 17

I/E: transverse/sigmoid colon?

Answer 17

I

Question 18

I/E: superior rectum?

Answer 18

I

Question 19

I/E: kidneys?

Answer 19

E

Question 20

I/E: ureter?

Answer 20

E

Question 21

I/E: adrenal glands/pancreas?

Answer 21

E

Question 22

I/E: inferior/ascending duodenum?

Answer 22

E

Question 23

I/E: Ascending /descending colon?

Answer 23

E

Question 24

Define mesenteries.

Answer 24

Double fold of peritoneum formed by an organ covering it

Question 25

Name two mesenteries.

Answer 25

Mesocolons, mesogastrium

Question 26

List two functions of mesenteries

Answer 26

Carries nerve, blood and lymphatic supply to and from organ

Connects intraperitoneal organ to body wall

Question 27

What are omenta?

Answer 27

Double folds of peritoneum

Don’t suspend organs

Question 28

Describe the greater omentum?

Answer 28

Attaches to stomach and proximal duodenum
Drapes over intestines
Folds back on itself to attach to transverse colon

Question 29

List the divisions of the greater omentum

Answer 29

Gastrosplenic, gastrophrenic, gastrocolic ligaments

Question 30

List the divisions of the lesser omentum

Answer 30

Hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments

Question 31

Describe the connections of the lesser omentum

Answer 31

Connects stomach and proximal duodenum to liver

Question 32

Name the contents of the portal triad

Answer 32

Hepatic a, and portal v

Bile duct

Question 33

Describe positions of the sacs

Answer 33

Lesser sac- posterior to stomach and liver

Greater sac- rest of peritoneal cavity

Question 34

What divides supra and infracolic compartments?

Answer 34

Transverse mesocolon

Question 35

What connects the sacs?

Answer 35

Omental foramen

Question 36

What is the functional of peritoneal ligaments?

Answer 36

To connect organs to abdominal wall

Question 37

Which ligament connects liver to anterior abdominal wall?

Answer 37

Falciform

Question 38

What is appendicits?

Answer 38

Appendix obstructed, bacteria proliferate and invade appendix wall
General vague central abdominal pain T10
Pain spreads to McBurneys point- parital peritoneum is irritated- more localised

Question 39

Describe McBurneys point

Answer 39

Third way between umbilicus and ASIS