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Anatomy 1 > Abdominal Anatomy > Flashcards

Abdominal Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

7 abdominal wall layers from superficial to deep

A
  1. Skin
  2. Camper’s fascia (fatty)
  3. Scarpa’s fascia (fibrous)
  4. Trilaminar block of muscle
  5. Transversal is fascia
  6. Extraperitoneal fat
  7. Parietal peritoneum
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2
Q

Where do liver and pancreas communicate with duodenum?

A

Second segment

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3
Q

What 2 parts of the colon are mobile?

A

Transverse colon

Sigmoid colon

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4
Q

What are appendices epiploicae of colon?

A

Blobs of fat

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5
Q

Longitudinal muscle fibers that run along large intestine?

A

Taenia coli

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6
Q

Where can normal-sized liver be palpated?

A

Under right rib cage during deep inspiration

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7
Q

What are 4 lobes of liver?

A 
Right lobe (larger)
Left lobe 
Quadrate lobe (anterior)
Caudate lobe (posterior)
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8
Q

Ligament that separates lobes on liver?

A

Ligamentum teres

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9
Q

Where is gallbladder located on liver?

A

Inferior and anterior

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10
Q

What is uncinate process of pancrease?

A

Hook

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11
Q

What is the sphincter of Oddi?

A

Second segment of duodenum where common bile duct attach

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12
Q

What 6 things does the celiac artery supply?

A
  1. Distal esophagus
  2. Stomach
  3. First half of duodenum
  4. Liver
  5. Pancreas
  6. Spleen
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13
Q

What 7 things does the superior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  1. Second half of duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. Ileum
  4. Appendix
  5. Cecum
  6. Ascending colon
  7. First 2/3 of transverse colon
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14
Q

What 4 things does inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  1. Distal 1/3 of transverse colon
  2. Descending colon
  3. Sigmoid colon
  4. Rectum
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15
Q

Where does nearly all venous blood from gut drain to the liver by?

A

Portal vein

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16
Q

Where does the hepatic vein drain its blood into?

A

From liver to inferior vena cava

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17
Q

Splenic veins have same names as arteries except which one?

A

Celiac artery; instead portal vein

18
Q

2 symptoms of biliary obstruction?

A

Jaundice

‘Clay-colored’ stool

19
Q

Surface anatomy of gall bladder?

A

Just lateral to rectus abdominis at semilunar line and at costal margin

20
Q

Why do the tiny vein in anastomoses become engorged?

A

Portal hypertension

21
Q

When tiny veins in anastomoses become an engorged vein, what are they called?

A

Varices

22
Q

What are anastomoses between?

A

Portal and canal venous systems

23
Q

What 4 things can cause portal HTN?

A
  1. Cancer
  2. Cirrhosis
  3. Thrombosis
  4. Congenital malformation of IVC
24
Q

What else is portal HTN associated with besides varices (2)

A

Splenomegaly

Ascites

25
Q

4 places where anastomoses between portal and canal venous system?

A
  1. Left gastric vein with azygos vein
  2. Superior rectal vein with middle and inferior rectal veins
  3. Paraumbilical veins with thoracoepigastric vein and inferior/superficial epigastric vein
  4. Inferior mesenteric vein and veins of posterior abdominal wall and connected to hemiazygos vein
26
Q

Anastomosis of Left gastric vein with azygos vein causes?

A

Esophageal varices (most common death in pts with portal HTN)

27
Q

Anastomosis of Superior rectal vein with middle and inferior rectal veins?

A

Rectal varices

  • bright red bleeding is symptom
  • tar-colored stool is upper GI bleeding
28
Q

Anastomoses of Paraumbilical veins with thoracoepigastric vein and inferior/superficial epigastric vein?

A

Radiate form umbilicus (called caput medusae)

29
Q

Anastomoses of Inferior mesenteric vein and veins of posterior abdominal wall and connected to hemiazygos vein?

A

Generally asymptomatic

30
Q

Fresh bright red blood vomit

A

Sever, acute bleeding

31
Q

Coffee ground emetics (vomit)

A

Long-term bleeding

32
Q

Caused by cutting, tearing, extremes in temp, and inflammation; sharp and easily localized?

A

Somatic pain

33
Q

Caused by ischemia, distention, and prolonged SM contraction; dull and diffuse (poorly localized)?

A

Visceral pain

34
Q

Feels like somatic pain, but nothing wrong with somatic structures to cause it and often accompanies visceral pain?

A

Referred pain

35
Q

What is referred pain useful for?

A

Diagnosis visceral problems

36
Q

Does visceral peritoneum have any sensory innervation of its own?

A

No

37
Q

What is parietal peritoneum?

A

Part of the body wall and is a somatic structure

38
Q

What is McBurney’s point?

A

Right side, 1/3 of way from the anterior superior iliac spine to umbilicus

39
Q

Frequency positions appendix is found:

A 
64% retrocecal 
32% pelvic 
2% lateral 
1% preilieal 
.5% postileal
40
Q

What is important indicator to find appendix?

A

Anterior tenia coli

Anatomy 1 (3 decks)

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