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Abdominal Prac Exam Questions > Abdominal 2016 Prac > Flashcards

Abdominal 2016 Prac Flashcards

1
Q

The adult liver is considered to be enlarged after the AP diameter exceeds what
measurement?

A

15cm

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2
Q

Carcinoma of the prostate gland most commonly develops in what zone of the
prostate?

A

Peripheral

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3
Q

What is the equation required to calculate the volume of the bladder?

A

L x W x H x 0.52

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4
Q

Name the two (2) types of ascites

A

transudate & exudate

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5
Q

A decrease in haematocrit is consistent with the development of what abdominal wall
pathology?

A

abdominal wall hematoma

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6
Q

A 46 year old female patient presents to the ultrasound department, complaining of
right flank pain and dysuria. Upon ultrasound investigation a generalised swelling of the kidney is demonstrated and the medullary pyramids appear well defined. This is most suspicious of which pathology?

A

Pyelonephritis

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7
Q

The thickness of a normal gallbladder wall should NOT exceed what measurement?

A

3mm

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8
Q

What is the most common location for a spenunculus?

A

Just medial to the splenic hilum

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9
Q

The splenic artery is a branch of what vascular structure?

A

Celiac axis

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10
Q

What is the name given to the sensitivity test of the gallbladder where probe pressure is applied and causes a pain response?

A

positive murphy’s sign

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11
Q

What verbal grading of hydronephrosis would the, ‘Bear Claw effect,’ describe?

A

moderate

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12
Q

Define the term Intussusception.

A

Is the inversion of one portion of the intestine within another

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13
Q

What is the most common complication of acute pancreatitis?

A

Pseudocyst

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14
Q

Name two (2) different peritoneal spaces in which free fluid will accumulate

A

Morrison’s pouch, rectouterine pouch (pouch of douglas), subphrenic space

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15
Q

Define the term Lipoma

A

A neoplasm consisting of adipose tissue

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16
Q

What does the acronym H.A.U.L stand for?

A

Hematoma
Ascites
Urinoma
Lymphocele

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17
Q

A rounded lymph node that does not demonstrate an echogenic hilus and measures 13mm in short axis is more likely to be benign or malignant?

A

Maligant

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18
Q

What is omental cake?

A

Is an abnormally thickened greater ometum

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19
Q

Name two (2) LFT’s.

A

Bilirubin, Albumin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, prothrombin time

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20
Q

What is the name of the recess located between the right kidney and the right liver?

A

Morrison’s pouch

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21
Q

What is considered the upper limit measurement for a portal vein?

A

12-15mm

22
Q

What is another name for the pancreatic duct?

A

Duct of Wirsung

23
Q

What ultrasonic instrumentation would you initiate to visualize ureteric jets?

A

Power Doppler

24
Q

What is a pseudoaneurysm?

A

Is a false aneurysm, does not contain 3 layers, rather it is a dilation of the artery wall confined to 2 layers, caused by trauma to the artery

25
Q 
Name two (2) ultrasound controls that will decrease the appearance of artefactual
echoes seen within the IVC.
A

Time gain compensation, Tissue Harmonic Imaging

26
Q

What sort of a reflector is the diaphragm?

A

Specular reflector

27
Q

What diameter must a AAA measure, to be considered for surgical opinion?

A

4-5cm in diameter

28
Q

Name the tongue-like anatomical variant of the right lobe of the liver that is seen as
an inferior projection near the right kidney.

A

Reidels lobe

29
Q

What is the name given to the technique, whereby the patient is requested to,
‘bear down,’ to raise their intra-abdominal pressure?

A

Valsva manoeuvre

30
Q

The rectus abdominis muscles are located either side of what fibrous structure?

A

Linear alba

31
Q

What does the acronym F.A.S.T stand for in the FAST Scan?

A

Focussed assessment in sonography trauma

32
Q

Name the two different peritoneal membranes.

A

Visceral & parietal

33
Q

What is a paracentesis?

A

Is the therapeutic or diagnostic drainage of acidic fluid from the peritoneal space

34
Q

Define a urinoma

A

Is an encapsulated collection of urine

35
Q

What is the most anterior portion of the pancreas?

A

Body

36
Q

What is another name for segment one (1) of the liver?

A

Caudate lobe

37
Q

Name the two major zones of the prostate gland.

A

Peripheral (70%) & central (25%)

38
Q

What is the pathological name for the separation of the layers of the aortic wall by
blood or haemorrhage which is displayed sonographically as a linear echogenic flap
within the arterial lumen?

A

Aortic dissection

39
Q

What is the most common malignant tumour of the urinary bladder?

A

Transitional Cell Carcinoma

40
Q

What is hepatofugal flow?

A

Is blood flow in a vessel travelling away from the liver

41
Q

What is a bladder diverticulum?

A

Is an outpouching of the bladder wall due to weakness in the bladder wall

42
Q

What is BPH?

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

43
Q

Which vessel is located directly posterior to the pancreatic body and is surrounded
by an echogenic ring on ultrasound?

A

Super mesenteric artery

44
Q

What does Post Prandial Mean?

A

After eating

45
Q

What is the name of the blood marker used to diagnose prostatic cancer?

A

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)

46
Q

What is the name of an enlarged spleen?

A

Splenomegaly

47
Q

Crohn’s Disease primarily affects young adults and affects what anatomic region?

A

Ileum

48
Q

Which anatomical location is utilized to test for rebound tenderness of appendicitis?

A

LRQ of abdomen

49
Q

What is a porcelain gallbladder?

A

Is the calcification of the GB wall

50
Q

The diameter of a normal adult appendix should not exceed what measurement?

A

<6mm from outer to outer wall

Abdominal Prac Exam Questions (2 decks)

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