Abdominal

Question 1

Auscultation

Answer 1

Bruits over aorta, renal (either side of aorta), femoral and iliac arteries using bell.
For venous hums (using bell) or friction rubs (using diaphragm) over liver and spleen.

Question 2

Percussion

Answer 2

Measure span of liver (6-12 cm) at right midaxillary line
Assess for splenomegaly (splenic percussion sign = percuss at anterior axillary line at lowest interspace and ask pt to take a deep breath while continuing to percuss - tympany should remain if not enlarged)

Question 3

Palpation

Answer 3

Palpate liver, spleen, kidneys, aortic width (< 3 cm)

Question 4

Special test for peritoneal inflammation

Answer 4

Rebound tenderness

Question 5

Special tests for appendicitis

Answer 5

Psoas sign
Rovsing sign
Obturator sign
McBurney’s point tenderness

Question 6

Special test for cholecystitis

Answer 6

Murphy sign

Question 7

Special tests for ascites

Answer 7

Shifting dullness
Fluid wave