Abdomen Flashcards
Quadrants of Abdomen and Dividing Lines
Right upper quadrant, Left upper quadrant, Right lower quadrant, Left lower quadrant
Transumbillical and Median lines
9 Regions of the Abdomen and Dividing Lines
R hypochondriac, Epigastric, L hypochondriac
R lumbar, Umbilical, L lumbar
R iliac, Hypogatric, L iliac
Midclavicular lines (R and L) Transtubercular line (iliac tubercule L5) Subcostal line (inferior border of 10th costal cartilage)
Right Hypochondriac Organs
Liver (Right lobe)
Gallbladder
Hepatic flexure (between ascending and transverse colon)
Epigastric Organs
Stomach Duodenum Pancreas Left lobe of liver Transverse colon
Left Hypochondriac Region
Spleen
Left lobe of liver
Splenic flexure (Transverse colon and descending colon)
Right Lumbar
Right kidney
Right adrenal gland
Ascending colon
Small intestine
Umbilical Organs
Stomach
Transverse colon
Jejunum
Ileum
Left Lumbar
Descending colon
Left kidney
Right Iliac Organs
Caecum
Vermiform appendix
Ascending colon
Hypogastric Organs
Urinary bladder and ureters
Uterus
Ovaries
Left Iliac Organs
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
External and Internal Oblique Actions and Innervation
EO = Superomedial fibres IO = Superiolateral fibres
Compress / support abdominal viscera
Lateral flexion and rotation
Innervated by anterior rami of T7-T12 and L1
(subcostal nerve)
Rectus Abdominis Actions and Innervation
Flexes trunk
Compresses viscera to increase intrathoracic pressure during expiration, defecation, vomiting, coughing etc.
Controls tilt of pelvis
T7-T12 innervation
Contents of Inguinal Canal
Women
Round ligament of uterus
Genitofemoral nerve
Men
Spermatic chord
Both
Ilioinguinal nerve
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Jejunum vs. Ileum in Life
Deep red vs pale pink
Thick and heavy vs thin and light
Great vs. Less vascularity
Long vs. Short vasa recta
Large loops vs Many short loops of arcades
Less fat vs more fat in messengers
Large, tall, and closely packed vs Low and sparse circular folds
