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Surgical Anatomy MMB8033 Newcastle > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q 
What are the following incisions?
Kocher's
Lanz
Gridiron
Pfannestie
Battle's?
A

diagram

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2
Q

Composition of the anterior and posterior rectus sheath above and below the arcuate line?

A

above- ant- eo and io. post- io and transverse, and transversalis fascia
below- ant- eo, io, transversus post- transversalis fascia

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3
Q

How can you find the appendix?

A

where the tinae coli coalesce

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4
Q

Surface landmark for appendix?

A

mcburney’s point- third of the way between ASIS and umbilicus

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5
Q

Appendicitis pain?

A

Generalised midgut pain, when peritoneum becomes inflammed pain localises to mcburney point

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6
Q

Psoas sign?

A

one leg flexed to relax psoas msucle

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7
Q

Is meckel’s a true diverticulum?

A

yes outpouching of mucosa muscle and serosa

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8
Q

Rule of 2 for meckels

A 
2% of pop
<2 feet from ileoceacal junction
2 inches in length
commonly presents less than 2 years old
2:1 male:females
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9
Q

boundaries between fore, mid and hind gut?

A

fore and mid- ligament of treitz just above DJ flexure

mid and hind- 2/3 along transverse colon

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10
Q

how can you differentiate the jejunal and ileal arteries

A

Jejunum- arterial arcades short, vasa recta long

Ileum- arterial arcades long, vasa recta short

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11
Q

Definition of a hernia?

A

when part of an organ is displace and protrudes through the cavity containing it

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12
Q

divisions of coeliac trunk?

A

Common hepatic- proper hepatic, left hepatic, right hepatic, cystic,,, right gastric, gastrduodenal, supraduodenal, superior pancreatoduodenal, right gastroeipoleic
Left gastric- oesophageal
Splenic- short gastric and left gastroepiploeic

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13
Q

what ligamen do the short gastric, portal triad run in?

A

gastrolineal lig

hepatoduodenal

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14
Q

Divisions of the SMA?

A 
Inferior pancreatoduodenal
Middle
Right colic
Ileocolic- colic, caecal- ant, post- appendicular,,,ileal
ileal
jejunal
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15
Q

What artery anastamosises the SMA and IMA?

A

Marginal artery of Drummond

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16
Q

IMA divisions?

A

Left colic- ascending and descending
Sigmoidal
Superior rectal

17
Q

What is toldt’s plane?

A

way of accessing the retroperitoneum
between mesocolon and retroperitoneum
formed by fusing of viseral and parietal peritoneum

18
Q

What is kocherisation?

A

mobilisation and medialising of duodenal to expose retroperitoneal structures. perforated duodenal ulcer etc.

19
Q

Open Cholecysectomy set up and incision?

A

GA, supine, kochers

20
Q

Retrograde cholecysectomy procedure

A

Remove gall bladder from bed
identify calot’s triangle
clip and ligate cystic duct and artery

21
Q

What is callot’s triangle?

A

Common hepatic duct
Cystic duct
Inferior surface of the liver
contains cystic artery

22
Q

Liver ligs?

A

coronary, triangular, falciform

23
Q

How can you access the lesser sack?

A

Epiploeic foramen of winslow in lesser omentum

24
Q

What is pringle’s manouver?

A

compression of portal triad by pressing on hepatoduodenal lig

25
Q

What ligament is the splenic flexture?

A

Phrenicolineal lig??

26
Q

How can determine if a structure is an ureter or not?

A

Vermiculation

27
Q

Where does the ureter cross on entering the pelvis?

A

Bifurcation of common iliac- SI joint

28
Q

Retropubic space?

A

Cave of Retzius

29
Q

Retroinguinal space?

A

Cave of Bogros

30
Q

Superficial blood supply to the abdominal wall?

A

Superior- musculophrenic

Inferiorly- medially- superficial epigastric artery. Lat- superficial circumflex iliac artery. Both off femoral artery

31
Q

Deep blood supply of abdominal wall

A

Superior- medially- Superior epigastric artery. Laterally- 10th/11th IC artery
Inferiorly- Medially- inferior epigastric artery. Laterally- Deep circumflex iliac artery. Both off external iliac.

32
Q

What is component separation in abdominal wall reconstruction?

A

Cutting of EO ApoN, pararectal

Allows midline closure, weakens wall laterally

33
Q

Posterior component separation?

A

Take posterior rectus sheath of rectus muscle

create a pocket to protect bowel from mesh

34
Q

What neurovascular structure must be identified in Posterior component separation?

A

inferior epigastric artery

35
Q

Retroperitoneal organs?

A 
RAPID SUCK
Rectum
Abdominal aorta
Pancreas
Inferior Vena Cava
Duodenum 2/3
Supraadrenal glands
Ureters
Colon- ascending and descending
Kidneys
36
Q

Divisions of the internal iliac artery?

A

Anterior- Iliolumbar, lateral sacral, superior gleuteal
Posterior- Inferior gleuteal- obturator- foveal, Middle rectal, internal pudendal- inferior rectal, Inferior vesicular/vaginal, Uterine, Superior vesicular, obliterated umbilical artery

37
Q

Periotoneal reflections?

A

Greater and lesser omentum
Mesentry
Transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon

Surgical Anatomy MMB8033 Newcastle (6 decks)

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