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Anatomy RCOA > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

What factors are important in the stomachs digestive function?

A
  • HCl
  • Pepsin
    -Production of Intrinsic factor
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2
Q

What are the 4 anatomical divisions of the stomach?

A
  • Cardia
  • Fundus
  • Body
  • Pylorus
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3
Q

How is blood supplied to the stomach? Where do they anastamose?

A
  • Coeliac trunk & branches
  • Left & Right gastric arteries - anastamose on the lesser curve
    -Right & Left gastroepiploic arteries - anastamose on greater curve
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4
Q

What are the gastroepiploic arteries arise from?

A

Right = gastroduodenal
Left = Splenic

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5
Q

Where do the gastric veins of the stomach drain?

A

Hepatic portal vein

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6
Q

What are the roles of each section of the small intestine?

A
  • Duodenum: Receives Chyme, pancreatic enzymes, bile from bile duct
  • Jejunum: Carbs, amino acids, fatty acids absorbed
  • Ileum: Vit B12, bile acids recycled
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7
Q

What are the characteristic features histologically of the small bowel?

A
  • Villi
  • Brunner’s glands (secrete alkaline mucous)
  • Plicae circulares
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8
Q

What part of the digestive system is supplied by the coeliac artery?

A
  • Stomach
  • Proximal duodenum
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9
Q

What part of the digestive system is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery?

A
  • remainder of duodenum
  • Proximal portion of colon
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10
Q

What part of the digestive system is supplied by the inferior mesenteric artery?

A
  • Distal colon
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11
Q

What is the collateral blood flow of the digestive system called?

A

Vasa Recta

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12
Q

What are the 3 main venous tributaries that drain the digestive system? Where do they drain?

A
  • Splenic vein: stomach
  • Superior mesenteric vein: Upper small intestine, proximal colon
  • Inferior mesenteric vein: Distal colon
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13
Q

What is the role of the liver?

A
  • Drug metabolism
  • Protein synthesis
  • Glycogen storage
  • Metabolism of macronutrients
  • Glycaemic homeostasis
  • Immunity
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14
Q

What are the components of a liver lobule?

A
  • Central vein
  • Peripherally - Portal triad: bile duct, portal vein & hepatic artery branches
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15
Q

What blood vessels make up the portal vein?

A

-Superior mesenteric
-Splenic vein

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16
Q

What is the role of the hepatic artery?

A

Deliver O2 rich blood from heart to liver

17
Q

What is the venous drainage of the liver?

A

Left, right, middle hepatic veins that drain into the main hepatic vein

18
Q

What is the common bile duct made of?

A
  • Cystic duct
  • Common hepatic duct
19
Q

What are the nerve supplies to the parietal & visceral peritoneum?

A
  • Parietal: Somatic
  • Visceral: Autonomic
20
Q

What are the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A
  • Coeliac trunk
  • SMA
  • middle suprarenal arteries
  • Renal arteries
  • Gonadal arteries
  • IMA
21
Q

What branches of the abdominal aorta are parietal?

A
  • Inferior phrenic
  • Lumbar arteries
  • Middle/median sacral
22
Q

What are the collateral pathways of the venous system?

A
  • Azygos- hemiazygos
  • Internal & External mammary
  • Lumbar & vertebral venous plexus
23
Q

What are the layers of the abdominal wall?

A
  • Skin
  • Subcut tissue: Camper’s & Scarper’s fascia
  • Abdominal muscles: Rectus abdominis, pyramidalis, Transversus abdominis, external & internal oblique
  • Transversalis fascia
  • Parietal peritoneum
24
Q

What are the 4 arterial origins of blood supply to the abdominal wall?

A
  • Internal thoracic
  • Aorta
  • External iliac
  • Femoral
25
Q

What muscle make up the posterior abdominal wall?

A
  • Diaphragm
  • Posts major & minor
  • Iliacus
  • Quadratus lumborum
  • Paraspinal
26
Q

What is the arterial & venous supply of the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Arterial: Inferior phrenic & lumbar from common iliacs
Venous: Lumbar veins from IVC

27
Q

What passes through the inguinal canal?

A

WOMEN: Round ligament of uterus
MEN: Spermatic cord

28
Q

What is the nerve supply to the abdominal wall?

A

T7-T9: Thoracoabdominal nerves & branches of the intercostal nerves
T11-L1: Iliohypogastric & ilioinguinal

29
Q
A

Anatomy RCOA (4 decks)

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