Abdomen Flashcards
Most common single type of sarcoma in Gastro intestinal system
GIST
Most common mesenchymal tumor
GIST
Arises due to mutations in the. ———————————- - ——
Interstitial cells of cajal
Phasic contractions in smooth muscle — — - - - — - - - — ———————-
Due to interstitial cells of cajal
Mutations most common,y arise in the
Malignancy potential ?
Treatment of choice
CD117 (c KIT ) mutation
SDH
Variable malignant ; 60% benign
Imatinib ; tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Symptoms of gist three number
GI bleeding
Abdominal pain
Early satiety
P palpable mass
Pathology of GISTs
Types based on morphology
Syndromic associations
Spindle cell
Epitheloid
Wild type
Most commonly seen in wild type
Neurofibromatosis type one
Carney strata syndrome
Carney triad
Primary family GIST syndrome
What are the various types of macroscopic growth pattern?
four number
XOPHYTIC
Intramural
Endoluminal
Mixed pattern
Differential diagnosis for duodenal masses
Adenocarcinoma
Carcinoid
Gastrinoma
Leiomyosarcoma
Lymphoma
<5% GIST
Metastatic disease sites of malignant GIST
Common sites : liver
Omentum
Peritoneal cavity
Large exophytic GIST : Can invade pancreas liver diaphragm.
importance of calcification in Gastro intestinal tumour
The incidence of calcification is seen more commonly in MUCINOUS tumour
Sporadic gist are known to develop – and – type of tumours
Synchronous and metachronous malignancies.
Differential diagnosis of gastric MESENCHYMAL masses by locations
Smooth muscle arising: Leiomyoma and Leiomyosarcoma
Neural tissue arising : SHWANNOMA, malignant, peripheral nerve tumour, neurofibroma, neuro endocrine tumour, carcinoid carcinosarcoma
Connective tissue cells arising : fibromatosis or desmoid, solitary, fibrous tumour, inflammatory, fibroid, polyp
Other. : ANGIOSARCOMA, clear cell, SARCOMA, lipo, SARCOMA
Most common tumours based on locations
Cardia/fundus
Body
Antra
Leiomyoma
GIST
GLOMUS TUMOR
UNRESEcTABILITY criteria for gist
Invasion of Celia artery
Invasion of superior MESENTERIC artery
What is RECIST criteria?
Post treatment change in size criteria for tumours is called as RECIST criteria
What is complete response according to REC IST criteria?
Disappearance of all lesions with no new lesions
Define partial response in RECIST criteria
30% decrease in the longest diameter of the target lesion with no new lesions
What is stable disease according to RECIST criteria?
No evidence of complete response, partial response or progression of disease. Plus no new lesions .
What is progressive disease according to RECIST criteria?
At least 20% increase in the longest diameter of the target lesions plus or minus new lesion
Examples of other prognostic, indices or post treatment evaluation score 3 in number
What criteria does each stand for?
RECIST criteria : change in size
CHOI criteria : change in size and density
PERCIST criteria : change in SUV
