Abdomen

Question 1

What is the Superior Lid

Answer 1

Inferior View of the ribcage

Question 2

What is the inferior lid

Answer 2

Superior View of the pelvic ring

Question 3

Thoracolumbar Fascia

Answer 3

• Collagenous white diamond
• anchors to many thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
• 3 layers - anterior, middle and posterior
• connects to; latissimus dorsi, gluteus maximus, transverse abdominis, obliques in the spine
• wraps around; erector spinae, quadratus lumborum
• Anterior side: anchors many structures of the rectus sheath and linea alba
• Posterior side: anchors many structures of the spine and extremities

Question 4

Linea Alba

Answer 4

• Connective tissue line
• Runs down the center of the abdomen
• Acts as an anchor for many other structures of the abdomen

Question 5

External Oblique

Answer 5

• most superficial abdominal muscle
• Origin: inferior 7 ribs
• Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest
• Actions: flexion of the trunk, ipsilateral side flexion and contralateral rotation

Question 6

Internal Oblique

Answer 6

• immediatly deep to external oblique
• Origin: thoracolumbar fascia and iliac crest
• Insertion: lowest 3 ribs and linea alba
• Actions: flexion of the trunk, ipsilateral side flexion and ipsilateral rotaion

Question 7

Rectus Abdominis

Answer 7

• Deep to internal oblique
• Origin: pubis sympisis
• Insertion: linea alba, xiphoid process and ribs 5,6,7
• Actions: flexion of the trunk, posterior pelvic tilt

Question 8

Rectus Sheath

Answer 8

Connective tissue that starts at the linea alba and expands laterally to wrap around the rectus abdominis, the connects back onto the linea alba

Question 9

Transverse Abdominis

Answer 9

• Deep to internal oblique
• wraps around the abdomen
• Origin: bottom 6 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia and iliac crest
• Insertion: linea alba
• Actions: ipsilateral rotation and compression of the abdomen

Question 10

Muscles of the anterior wall of the abdomen

Answer 10

external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominis, and transverse abdominis

Question 11

Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 11

• Immediatly deep to internal psoas
• Origin: transverse process of L1-L4
• Insertion: 12th rib
• Actions: extension of the trunk, ipsilateral side flexion

Question 12

Psoas Major and Minor

Answer 12

Major is larger and posterior to minor - they both merge into 1 muscle belly
- Origin: transverse processes and bodies of T12 and lumbar spine
- Insertion: femur
- Actions: flexion of the trunk

Question 13

Muscles of the posterior wall of the abdomen

Answer 13

Quadratus lumborum, psoas major and minor