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Y2 OSPE > Abdo > Flashcards

Abdo Flashcards

1
Q

What are the dermatomes of T8, T10&T12?

A

T8 - Intersection of the midclavicular line and the horizontal level at one half the distance between the level of the xiphoid process and the level of the umbilicus.

T10 - Intersection of the midclavicular line, at the horizontal level of the umbilicus.

T12 - Intersection of the midclavicular line and the midpoint of the inguinal ligament.

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2
Q

What is the transtubercular plane?

A

horizontal plane

crosses the 2 iliac tubercles

just below the supracristal plane

L5

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3
Q

Label this

A
  1. Ductus deferens
  2. Retropubic space
  3. Puboprostatic ligament
  4. Urethra
  5. Corpus cavernosum
  6. Corpus sponginosm
  7. Glands penis
  8. External urethral orifice
  9. Testes
  10. Epididymis
  11. Pubic symphysis
  12. Urinary bladder
  13. Bulb of penis
  14. Internal anal sphincter
  15. External anal sphincter
  16. Prostate gland
  17. Urogenital diaphragm
  18. Ejaculatory duct
  19. Internal urtheral orifice
  20. Ampulla of ductus deferens
  21. Ureter
  22. Rectum
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4
Q

Whats the surface markings of the kidneys and ureters?

A

Locate L1 (T12 can be found as a midway point from the inferior border of the scapular and superior border of illiac crest.)

Mark the transpyloric plane

Mark the hilum of kidney 4.5cm from the posterior median line

9-12cm long and 5-7cm broad

left kindey reaches upper border of 11th rib

right kiney reaches lower border of 11th rib

ureters descend vertically from the hilum

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5
Q

How do you conduct superficial and deep palpation of the abdomen?

A

Light - finger tips,

deep -flat hand, firm steady pressure. 2 hands if required - upper one apply pressure lower one palpate

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6
Q

What are the abdonimal quardrents and what divides them?

A

trans umbillical plane

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7
Q

What is the supracristal plane?

A

horizontal plane

top of the iliac crest

L4

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8
Q

Label this

A
  1. Ureter
  2. Ductus deferens
  3. Ampulla of ductus deferens
  4. Ejaculatory duct
  5. Prostatic urethra
  6. Bulbo urethral gland
  7. Corpus cavernosum
  8. Bulb of penis
  9. Urogenital diaphragm
  10. Prostate
  11. Urinary bladder
  12. Seminal vesicle
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9
Q

Label this

A
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10
Q

Label this

A

1) Ala of sacrum
2) Iliac crest
3) Iliac fossa
4) Pelvic inlet
5) sacrum
6) Ischial spine
7) Aceatabulum
8) Pubic tubercle
9) Ischial ramus
10) Inferior pubic ramus
11) Pubic symphysis
12) Body of pubis
13) Ischial tuberosity
14) Obturator foramen
15) AIIS
17) Anterior sacral foramina
18) ASIS
19) Sacroiliac joint
20) Body of s1

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11
Q

What is the spermatic cord?

A

The spermatic cord is the cord-like structure in males formed by the vas deferens (ductus deferens) and surrounding tissue that runs from the deep inguinal ringdown to each testicle.

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12
Q

Label this

A
  1. Suspensory ligaments of ovary
  2. Broad ligament
  3. Round ligament
  4. Vesico-uterine pouch
  5. Recto uterine pouch
  6. Ureter
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13
Q

Where are the sites of referred pain from the visceral organs?

A
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14
Q

Whats the surface markings of the liver and gall bladder?

A

Describe the borders

Upper border

  • Line from the 5th rib and cc to the left 5th ICS MCL

Oblique border:

  • Follows the right costal margin from the right MAL through the tip of the 9th CC to the tip of the left 5th ICS MCL

Right border:

  • Starts from the right costal margin at the right mid-axillary line and ascends upwards along the right MAL to meet the 5th rib
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15
Q

Label this

A
  1. urinary bladder
  2. Ureter
  3. Urethra
  4. Uterine tubes
  5. Ovaries
  6. Uterus
  7. Cervix
  8. Vagina
  9. Posterior fornix of vagina
  10. Round ligament
  11. External anal sphincter
  12. Internal anal sphincter
  13. External urethral sphincter
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16
Q

Label this

A
  1. Round ligament
  2. Uterine tube
  3. Ligament of ovary
  4. Isthmus of uretus
  5. Cervix of uretus
  6. External os of uretus
  7. Broad ligament
  8. Suspensory ligament
  9. Fimbriae
  10. Uterine tube
  11. Fundus of uterus
17
Q

Label this

A
  1. Ligment of ovary
  2. Body of uterus
  3. Round ligament
  4. Uterine cavity
  5. Fundus of uterus
  6. Fimbrae
  7. Uterine tube
  8. Ovarian vessels in suspensory ligament of ovary
  9. Ovary
  10. Myometrium
  11. Endometrium
  12. Internal os
  13. Ureter
  14. Cervical canal
  15. External os
  16. External urethral orifice
  17. Clitoris
  18. Labium minor
  19. Lateral vaginal fornix
  20. Cervix
18
Q

How do you percuss the liver?

A

Dull sound from 5th rib in MCL to the costal margin

19
Q

How do you locate L1, L2 and L4?

A

L1 - One down from T12.

T12 can be found as a midway point from the inferior border of the scapular and superior border of illiac crest.

L4 - level of iliac crest

20
Q

What is the transpyloric plane?

A

transerve plane

half way between jugualr notch and pubic symphysis

aprox hand’s bredth inferior to the xiphisternum

9 ICS

L1

21
Q

What is the sacral promontory?

A

The broadest and uppermost part of the sacrum is tilted forwards as the sacral promontory

22
Q

Label this

A
23
Q

How is the male and femal pelvis different?

A

Pubic arch angle increased in females, changes to pelvic inlet

24
Q

Describe the location of the inguinal ligament and the superfical and deep ingunal rings

A

Ligament - between the pubic tubercle and ASIS

Deep - just above midpoint of ligament

Superficial - Superior to pubic tubercle

25
Q

Whats the surface markings of of the spleen?

A

left hypochondrium

upper broder of 9th rib to lower border of 11th rib

between the lateral border of erector spinae and mid axillary line

26
Q

Draw the position of stomach, duodenum, appendix and caecum, ascending and descending colon and urinary bladder on the anterior abdominal wall

A
27
Q

How would you palpate the femoral artery?

A

Just below the midpoint of the inguinal ligament

28
Q

What are the 9 abdominal regions? What divides them?

A

transpyloric plane

Intertubercular plane

MCL

Lumbar = Flank

Iliac = Inguinal

29
Q

How do you ascultate the bowel sounds?

A

Do it before any percussion or palpation

listen in the 4 quardrants, ideally for 3 mins

30
Q

What is the subcostal plane

A

hoizontal plane along the inferior border of the costal margin

L3

31
Q

How would you palpate the abdominal aorta?

A

Just above the umbillicus left of the midline

Y2 OSPE (9 decks)

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