abd sx II Flashcards
new passageway for stool or urine -> opening in abd wall
ostomy
portion of intestine outside of abdomen
stoma
colostomy
- colon divided
- proximal end brought through abdominal wall
ileostomy
small bowel divided
hartmann’s procedure
- colostomy with distal end oversewn and placed in peritoneal cavity as blind limb
proctocolectomy
- removal of entire colon and rectum
abdominoperineal resection
- removal of lower sigmoid colon, entire rectum, and anus
- for rectal cancer
low anterior colon resection (LAR)
- for cancers of middle and upper sections of rectum
- removal of distal sigmoid colon and 1/2 of rectum
- proximal sigmoid-distal rectum anastomosis
internal hemorrhoid: location? does it bleed? is it painful?
- above dentate line
- may bleed
- non-painful
external hemorrhoid: location? does it bleed? is it painful?
- below dentate line
- do not bleed
- pain, itching
most common cause of rectal bleeding
- internal hemorrhoid
classify this hemorrhoid: prolapse with straining and defecation, spontaneously reduce
II
classify this hemorrhoid: protrude spontaenously or with straining, require manual reduction
III
classify this hemorrhoid: palpable, nonprolapsing enlarged venous cushions
I
classify this hemorrhoid: chronically prolapsed and cannot be reduced
IV
tx of grade II and III internal hemorrhoids
rubber band ligation
chronic phase of anorectal abscess involves formation of a
fistula
following removal of rectal foriegn body, further evaluate with a
- rigid proctoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy
define enteric fistula
- tract between two epitheliazed surfaces
most common cause of postoperative enterocutaneous fistula
postoperative
Goodsall’s rule is used in diagnosis of
fistula in ano
