abd SPE Flashcards
how do you check for ascites
shifting dullness fluid wave
how do you check for gallbladder issue
murphys- pressure when you press on gallbladder illicits enough pain to stop breathing
how do you check for ventral hernia
ask pt to raise head and shoulders off table
order of abdominal exam
inspect auscultate percuss palpate
peritoneal signs
guarding, rigidity, rebound tenderness
how do you check for appendicitis
psoas obturator rosvings
when eval acute diarrhea, what is the main focus
volume status and complications
when eval acute diarrhea, what do you focus on for the vitals
temp/ fever HR BP (incl orthostatic)
when eval acute diarrhea, what do you focus on for the skin exam
turgor
when eval acute diarrhea, what do you focus on HEENT
mucous membranes- eyes, mouth
when eval acute diarrhea, what do you focus on- abdominal exam
distention bowel sounds tenderness peritoneal signs masses
when eval acute diarrhea, what do you focus on- rectal exam
tenderness stool guaiac perianal dz
when eval acute diarrhea, what do you focus on- neuro exam
mental status
GI hx
- abdominal pain
- nausea/ vomiting (+ volume)
- hematemesis
- diarrhea
- stool changes-
- type
- color
- blood in stool
- hematochezia
- melena
- constipation
- gas/ flatulence
- indigestion/ heartburn/ reflux
- appetitie change
- food intolerance
- hernia/ hemorrhoid
- jaundice/ dark
- urine itching
how to do rectal exam
- tell pt- I’m now going to examine the anal region (inspect), spread butt cheeks
- looking for fissures/ hemorrhoids
- lube finger
- inform pt you’ll be inserting finger into rectum
- do 180 sweep in both directions around rectum to check for lesions
- remove finger and check for stool for blood
