ABCDE Flashcards

1
Q

What are signs of an airway obstruction?

A
  • Noisy breathing
  • No breath sounds
  • Paradoxical chest and abdomen movements
  • Use of accessory muscles
  • Tracheal tug
  • Posturing
  • Cyanosis
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2
Q

How can an airway obstruction be managed?

A
  • Jaw thrust
  • Head tilt, Chin lift (caution in C-spine injury)
  • Suction
  • Oropharyngeal/Nasopharyngeal airway
  • Supraglottic airway
  • ETT
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3
Q

Describe the components of a breathing assessment

A
RATES
Rate
Auscultation 
Trachea 
Effort
SaO2
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4
Q

Describe the components of a circulation assessment

A
  • colour and temperature of peripheries
  • CRT (<2s is normal)
  • state of veins
  • pulse rate, quality, regularity, equality
  • blood pressure
  • assess end organ perfusion (conscious state, IDC output)
  • auscultate
  • look for haemorrhage on pt and in drains
  • Insert IVC, take blood, give fluid
  • ECG
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5
Q

how can pulse pressure help differentiate types of shock?

A
  • normal is 35-45mmHg
  • Narrow indicates arterial vasoconstriction (cardiogenic or hypovolaemic shock)
  • Wide indicates arterial vasodilation (anaphylaxis or sepsis)
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6
Q

Describe the components of a disability assessment

A
  • AVPU assessment
  • Drug chart for CNS depressants
  • Pupils
  • BSL
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7
Q

What is the treatment of hypoglycaemia in an unconscious pt?

A
  • 50mL of 10% Dextrose IV every minute until consciousness is returned (up to 250mL)
  • IM glucagon 1mg if no access
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8
Q

Causes of Airway obstruction

A
Inside
- Vomit/Blood/Secretions
- Foreign Body
Airway
- Pharyngeal Oedema/infection
- Epiglotittis 
- Laryngospasm/Bronchospasm
Outside
- CNS
- Trauma
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9
Q

Causes of acute respiratory distress

A
  1. Lung issues
    - PTx
    - PE
    - infection/Aspirartion
    - APO
    - ARDS
    - Exacerbation of Chronic condition (COPD/Asthma)
  2. Decreased Resp Effort
    - GBS/MG/MS
    - Rib fracture
  3. Decreased Resp Drive
    - CNS
  4. Metabolic
    - Compensation for acidosis
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10
Q

Describe the algorithm for managing choking (Foreign body airway obstruction)

A

Assess adequacy of cough

if effective cough: encourage coughing, send for help

if ineffective cough:

  • unresponsive: send for help, start CPR
  • if responsive give up to 5 back blows, if not effective then 5 chest thrusts. continue alternating blows/thrusts
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