AAFP Flashcards
In order to be eligible for Medicare hospice benefits, a patient must be entitled to Medicare part A and…?
A) be essentially bedridden
B) have a life expectancy of 6 months or less
C) have a hematologic or solid tumor malignancy
D) have a caregiver in the home who is present at least 50% of the time
E) have documentation of a DNR order
Life expectancy of 6 months or less.
Which hormone should be assessed in patients suffering from critical illness with an exaggerated inflammatory response?
Cortisol.
They often have a relative cortisol deficiency. Clinically this can cause hypotension that’s resistant to IV fluid resuscitation, and evidence is mounting that survival is increased If these patients are treated with IV corticosteroids during acute management.
What is the rule of twos in assessing asthma control in patients under 12 and patients over 12?
Patients under 12: asthma is NOT well controlled if they have had Sx or used a B agonist for Sx relied more than twice a week, has 2 or more nocturnal awakenings due to asthma in the past month, or bas 2 or more exacerbation a requiring systemic corticosteroids in the past year.
Patients greater than 12: there must be more than 2 nocturnal awakenings per month to classify their asthma as uncontrolled.
What is most specific sign of autism at 18 months?
Delayed attainment of social skill milestones
When can LMW heparin be stopped?
After 5 days, If INR has been >/= to 2.0 for 24 hours.
The INR may reach >2 before coagulation factors 2 and 10 have reached their new plateau levels, accounting for the need for an additional 24 hours of combined therapy before stopping LMWH.
What is the CV changes associated with aging?
Decreased: CO, maximum heart rate, stroke volume
Increased: SBP, DBP
Respiratory changes: increase residual Lung volume and a decrease in VC
Which one of the following reduces the incidence of atopic dermatitis in children?
A) exclusive brash feeding until infant is 4 months of age
B) prenatal ingestion of probiotics by the mother
C) delayed Intro of solid food until after 6m
D) application of emollients
E) early exposure to dust mites
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 4 months of life has been shown to reduce the cumulative incidence of atopic dermatitis in the first 2 years of life for infants at high risk of developing atopic disease.
What’s the best medication to treat recurrent migraine headaches in less than 12 years old?
Propranolol.
Which of the following is a neurological deficit that occurs with idiopathic intracranial HTN ? A) visual loss b) hearing loss C) vertigo D) CVA E) cerebral heeniatin
Loss of vision, although uncommon.
6th CN palsy may occur as a false localizing sign. The typical presentation is a young obese woman with a headache, palpable tinnitus, and nausea and vomiting. CT is usually normal or shoes small ventricles. LP shows elevated pressure with normal fluid examination. CSF protein levels may be low.
what does the USPSTF recommend for COPD screening?
No routine screening for COPD with spirometry
What are some factors associated with a higher risk of heat related death?
Bed confinement, not leaving home daily, and being unable to care for oneself.
What are the indications for laparoscopic bariatric bypass surgery for morbid obesity?
BMI >40, BMI of 35-40 with significant obesity related comorbidities. Weight loss by non operative means should be attempted before surgery, and patients should be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team including a dietician and a mental health professional before surgery.
What is the preferred initial test for renovascular HTN a in patients with impaired renal function?
Duplex Doppler u/s
What’s the first line treatment for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy?
Vitamin B6 and doxylamine (first gen antihistamine)
What are the indications for osteoporosis screening?
Women >/= 65 and men >/= 70. For men and women age 50-69, the presence of factors associated with low bone density would merit screening. RF include low body weight, previous fracture, a family hx of osteoporosis with fracture, hx of falls, physical inactivity, low vitamin D or calcium intake, and use of certain meds or presence of certain medical conditions.
