AAC Chapter Three Flashcards
Symbol: something that…
Can be _____, ______, or ______
Meaning is determined by:
stands for or represents something else
aided, unaided, or combined
Motivation Neurological status Developmental age Sensory abilities Cognitive skills Communication/language abilities World experience
Iconicity: any
Can be:
Is ______ bound, ____ bound, and _______ bound
Any association that an individual forms between a symbol and its referent
transparent, translucent, opaque
culture, time, experience
What did the book say about iconicity and how it assists young children in learning what symbols mean?
Page 39
Page 40
Factors effecting children’s ability to identify and understand the meanings of symbols that depict abstract linguistic concepts (words other than nouns)
Concreteness
Familiarity
Context
Wholeness
Color
Focus
What about kids with autism?
See notes
Unaided Symbols
Require no external device for production
Gestures
Natural speech/vocalizations
Manual signs
Everyone Communicates
Gestures:
Four types:
Fine and gross motor body movements, facial expressions, eye behaviors, and postures
- Illustrators
- Affect displays
- Regulators
- Adaptors
Illustrators
Nonverbal behaviors that accompany speech and illustrate what is being said
Examples on page 44
Size of the fish
Sit here
Affect displays
Facial expressions or body movements that display emotional states
More subtle than emblems
May be less intentional
What are they affect displays you are showing tonight?
Emblems:
Yes and No
Regulators:
May ______ or _______ interactions.
May communicate to speaker to…
Nonverbal behaviors that maintain and regulate conversational speaking and listening between two or more people
initiate or terminate
continue, repeat, elaborate, hurry up, etc.
Adaptors:
Three categories:
Learned behaviors that a person generally uses more often when he or she is alone.
Self – your “tells”
Object – manipulation of objects
Alter – thought to be learned early in life in conjunction with interpersonal experiences
Vocalizations and Speech
Communicative in nature
Involuntary – sneezing, hiccupping, coughing…
Voluntary – yawning, laughing, crying…
Considering Manual Sign System
Intelligibility – study of signs vs PCS symbols
Iconicity – higher iconicity = easier to learn
Motoric complexity & other considerations – varies considerably, some sign characteristics learned earlier than others, teach signs with similar concepts at different times (eat and drink)
Couple with speech or AAC techniques – more effective in establishing production and/or comprehension skills that either mode taught singly: Simultaneous or Total Communication
***Choosing to use signs does not reduce an individual’s motivation to speak and may in fact enhance it
Considering Manual Sign System
Intelligibility – study of signs vs PCS symbols
Iconicity – higher iconicity = easier to learn
Motoric complexity & other considerations – varies considerably, some sign characteristics learned earlier than others, teach signs with similar concepts at different times (eat and drink)
Couple with speech or AAC techniques – more effective in establishing production and/or comprehension skills that either mode taught singly: Simultaneous or Total Communication
Choosing to use signs does not reduce an individual’s motivation to speak and may in fact enhance it
