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Civil rights > AA's > Flashcards

AA's Flashcards

1
Q

What do the 13th, 14th and 15th amendment entail

A

13th- emancipation
14th - citizen rights
15th - voting rights for AA men

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2
Q

what were the 3 suggestions made about dealing with freed slaves

A

1)former slaves leave the US #
2)AA’s given same rights as white
3)sharecropping

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3
Q

what were Andrew johnson’s aims and what did he achieve

A

to return to normality asap
Johnson passed the black codes

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4
Q

What issue was Johnson most focused on

A

The state of the union took priority over the rights of AA’s

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5
Q

what was the hayes tilden compromise

A

Hayes and Tilden fought for position of president and Hayes became president through catering to the south

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6
Q

What were the repercussions of this compromise

A

states rights were authorised which meant that states could alter their own laws but still had to loosely follow the constitution

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7
Q

what did states rights lead to

A

the creation of the black codes

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8
Q

what were the Black codes

A

Meant that AA’s couldn’t compete with Whites for work, its purpose was to ensure that AA’s couldn’t compete with whites economically

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9
Q

What did the black codes allow states to do

A

Gave states the right to punish vagrants
return vagrants and former slaves to forced labour and Whites could attack AA’s unpunished

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10
Q

Was congress in favour of black rights

A

Yes( to a certain extent)

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11
Q

How were congress in favour of black rights

A

They enforced the 13th,14th and 15th ammendments

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12
Q

What are radical republicans (name the two)

A

republicans who strongly opposed slavery and were highly in support of AA’s
charles sumner and thaddeus stevens

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13
Q

In what ways were congress not supportive of AA rights

A

after the Hayes tilden compromise congress wasn’t as vocal in defending

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14
Q

why did the government stop promoting civil rights after 1877

A

supreme court and state governments went in separate directions.

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15
Q

What did states rights allow

A

southern states ignored reconstruction legislation, northern troops withdrew

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16
Q

what two things prohibited AA’s from voting

A

Literacy tests
Grandfather clause

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17
Q

US V Harris(1883)

A

ruled that private discrimination didn’t fall under federal jurisdiction

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18
Q

Williams v Mississippi(1898)

A

Grandfather clause and literacy tests not unconstitutional

19
Q

Plessy v Ferguson(1892)

A

separate but equal

20
Q

Brown v Topeka(1951)

A

segregation became unconstitutional

21
Q

Smith v Alwright(1923)

A

illegal to stop AA’s from voting

22
Q

Boynton v Virginia(1960)

A

segregation on interstate busses deemed unconstitutional

23
Q

Alexander v Holmes(1969)

A

Insisted on rapid desegregation of schools

24
Q

Swann v Charlotte(1954)

A

enforced desegregation through busing schools

25
Q

Griggs v Duke(1971)

A

protected AA’s from discrimination in the workplace

26
Q

role of Andrew Johnson

A

vetoed CRA(1866) and first reconstruction act, was

27
Q

role of Andrew Johnson

A

vetoed CRA(1866) and first reconstruction act, was

28
Q

role of Ulysses S Grant

A

co-operated with congress, promoted 14th and 15th amendments, allowed discrimination for support of the south

29
Q

role of FDR

A

Created the new deal which aided Whites and AA’s after great depression.
civilian conservation corps(1933) gave work to unemployed

30
Q

FDR pt2

A

fair labour standard act(1938) gave weekly standard wage but excluded most AA’s as was only for agriculture
was forced by Phillip Randolph march of 100,000 men to end discrimination in the war

31
Q

role of Truman

A

pressured by Randolph to sign executive order 9981
praised for support of AA civil rights but didn’t create as much legislation as previous presidents

32
Q

role of Eisenhower

A

created CRA(1957) to reinforce AA’s ability to vote
sent troops to little rock to reinforce Swann v charlotte verdict despite CRA(1957) only 28% of voteable AA’s voted

33
Q

role of JFK

A

prepared civil rights bill(1963) before his assasination
He pushed AA civil rights to the forefront

34
Q

role of Booker T

A

Believed in AA self improvement through education and proving worth
Believed political civil rights should be abandoned to avoid white hostility, recieved $600,000 in bonds from Andrew Carnegie

35
Q

Impact of Booker T

A

use of white cooperation later in the 1960’s inspired by Booker T
Created Tuskegee university(1881) which created 23,866 AA teachers, 417 doctors and 300 lawyers

36
Q

role of Ida B Wells

A

she sued a railroad company for throwing her off a first class train with a valid ticket and won in federal court but lost at supreme court due to their support of segregation. bought shares in newspaper company to expose lynching’s

37
Q

Impact of Ida B Wells

A

formed alpha suffrage club (1913) - encouraged AA women to vote
This helped first AA congressman Oscar de priest get elected.
Du Bois excluded her from becoming a founder of NAACP

38
Q

Role of du bois

A

“why did God make me a stranger and an outcast in my own house.”
created ‘souls of Black folk’ where he attacks Booker T’s ideology
created talented tenth of top 10% of AA’s, spoke out about 1700 lynchings

39
Q

impact of Du Bois

A

created Niagara movement (1905) laid foundation for NAACP and shifted to pan - Africanism
Helped organise silent march(first major mass demonstration by AA’s) in 1917 in response to the race riots were 50-200 AA’s were murdered. he shifted attention to publicise AA civil rights

40
Q

role of Marcus Garvey

A

set up Universal Negro Improve Association in 1912 claiming to have 4 million members and wanted to create the black star to trade with Africans worldwide, strong believer in pan-Africanism
opposed du bois.
planned for 12 million AA’s to go to liberia but died before

41
Q

impact of garvey

A

‘Africa for the Africans’ and glorification of Africanism prefigured Black Power, attracted mass support

42
Q

role of Phillip Randolph

A

union organiser for AA’s
pressured FDR to end war discrimination

43
Q

Impact of Randolph

A

understood nonviolent mass demonstrations using marches to pressure govt influencing later protests.

Civil rights (27 decks)

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