aa procedure Flashcards
Article V of the U.S. Constitution Proposal
be proposed by either a two-thirds majority vote in both houses of Congress or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of state legislatures
19th AA
Article V of the U.S. Constitution Ratification
After proposal, an amendment must be ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures or by conventions within the states, as determined by Congress
21st AA
Dillon v. Gloss
ratification process of the 18th Amendment to the United States
whether Congress had the authority to set a time limit for the ratification of constitutional amendments
U.S. Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of Congress’s power to set time limits for ratification
India AA
bill introduced in either house of Parliament
must be passed by a Simple majority (50+1)/special majority
certain amendments affecting federalism or changes in the powers of states require ratification by a majority of state legislatures
Switzreland AA
Federal Assembly
Popular Initiative
Federal Assembly
The Swiss Federal Assembly, consisting of the National Council and the Council of States, can propose constitutional amendments. A two-thirds majority vote in both houses is required to initiate an amendment
Popular Initiative
Swiss citizens can propose amendments through a citizens’ initiative. To do this, they must collect signatures from at least 100,000 eligible voters within 18 months. If successful, the initiative is put to a national vote.
Swtizerland Ratification
National Majority: The proposed amendment must be approved by a majority of voters participating in a nationwide referendum.
b. Cantonal Majority: The proposed amendment must also be approved by a majority of Switzerland’s 26 cantons. Each canton has one vote, regardless of its population size