A4.2 Conservation of Biodiversity

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

Variety or diversity of life in all its forms

Question 2

Ecosystem diversity

Answer 2

Variety in combinations of species living together

Question 3

Species diversity

Answer 3

Variety among different species that exist and have existed

Question 4

Genetic diversity

Answer 4

Variety in gene pool of species including all alleles for genes

Question 5

Current number of species on Earth

Answer 5

~2 million names species, 8-100 million species in total

Question 6

Reasons for incomplete fossils

Answer 6

Fossils did not form, soft parts did not fossilize, geological processes destroyed rock containing fossils, fossils have not being discovered yet

Question 7

5 main causes of species extinction

Answer 7

Overharvesting, habitat destruction, invasive species, pollution, global climate change

Question 8

Biodiversity crisis

Answer 8

Unprecedented losses of ecosystems and species

Question 9

Species richness

Answer 9

Number of different species in a community

Question 10

Species eveness

Answer 10

Measure of relative abundance of each species in a community

Question 11

Range

Answer 11

Area over which species can be found

Question 12

Area

Answer 12

Amount of space an ecosystem occupies

Question 13

5 human population growth effects

Answer 13

Hunting, urbanization, land clearance, pollution, global transport

Question 14

In situ conservation

Answer 14

Managing species in their natural area

Question 15

Ex situ conservation

Answer 15

Managing one or more species outside natural area

Question 16

Evolutionarily distinct

Answer 16

Evidence from DNA sequencing to evaluate the uniqueness of species’ evolutionary history