A3.1 Diversity of organisms Flashcards

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1
Q

features of discontinuous variation

A

distinct classes or categories exist
characteristics can’t be measure over a change
can’t have features that fall in between categories

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2
Q

features of continuous variation

A

no distinct classes or categories
characteristics can be measured and fall within a range between 2 extremes

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3
Q

what does the morphological species concept state

A

A species is a group of organisms that are morphologically unique

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4
Q

what does the biological species concept state

A

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

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5
Q

limitations of biological species concept

A

Asexual reproduction
Fertile hybrids
Extinction

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6
Q

what is a diploid cell

A

cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes (2n)

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7
Q

what is a haploid cell

A

contain one complete set of chromosomes (n)

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8
Q

what is a centromere

A

a region where the 2 strands of DNA are attached

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9
Q

how is a karyogram made

A

Cells are stained and viewed under a light microscope
Photographs are taken of the contents of the nucleus during metaphase of cell division
The photographs of the chromosomes are cut up and arranged by size, shape, and banding pattern

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10
Q

asexual reproduction methods

A

Parthenogenesis- new individual is formed without the need for a male gamete

Binary fission- in bacterial cells, grow-replicate contents- divide into 2 daughter cells

Vegetative propagation

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11
Q

where does horizontal gene transfer occur

A

occurs in bacteria
Genes can be transferred within a species, and even between different species

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12
Q

why cant a mule carry out meiosis

A

The fusion of a horse and a donkey gamete- a mule zygote containing 63 chromosomes
These chromosomes can’t pair up during meiosis, so mules cannot produce gametes of their own

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