A2 - Schizophrenia Flashcards
What is the prevalence of schizophrenia?
1%
When is the common onset of schizophrenia?
Late adolescence/earlyy adulthood
What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Delusions - false beliefs
Hallucinations - ureal perceptions
Experiences of control - loss or gain
Disordered thinking - thought broadcasting
What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Affective flattening - reduced emotional expression
Alogia - poverty of speech
Avolition - lack of goal-directed behaviour.
What is reliability when diagnosing schizophrenia?
The extent to whjich psychiatrists can agree on the same disgnoses when inependently assessing patients.
What did Whaley (2001) find?
Inter-rater reliability correlations in the diagnosis of schizophrenia are as low as 0.11
What is moderate inter-rater reliability?
0.4-0.6
What is good inter-rater reliability?
0.7-1.0
Which symptoms did Klosterkotter et al suggest were best for reliably diagnosing schizophrenia?
Positive symptoms.
What did Mojtabi and Nicholson (1995) investigate?
The notion of only needing one bizarre delusion to be diagnosed with schizophrenia.
What did Mojtabi and Nicolson (1995) find?
No-one could agree on what was considered a ‘bizarre’ delusion. Inter-rater reliability between 50 senior psychiatrists was low-moderate 0.4,
Why does the central diagnostic requirement for schizophrenia lack reliability?
It does not distinguish between schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic people.
How many types of schizophrenia are there?
5
What does Disorganised Schizophrenia involve?
Great disorganisation, delusions, hallucinations, mood swings, incoherent speech.
What is the main feature of Catatonic Schizophrenia?
Total immobility for hours on end, staring blankly, limbs rigid.
