A2 Lessons 07 - 12

Question 1

Reporting psychological investigations

Answer 1

Write in the third person
Make it as clear as possible
Have a title, abstract, introduction leading to aims/hypothesis, method section (design, sample, apparatus, procedure), results section, discussion section, reference section

Question 2

Abstract

Answer 2

Provides a clear and concise summary of the entire investigation so the reader can gain an overview.
Information provided: background research, aims, experimental and null hypotheses, research methods, experimental design, sample used, brief account of findings including tests, conclusions, limitations

Question 3

Referencing

Answer 3

Authors surname, first name, date of publication, title etc.

Question 4

Type I error

Answer 4

Accepting the experimental hypothesis when the null hypothesis is right (it was actually due to chance)

Question 5

Type II error

Answer 5

Accepting the null hypothesis even though the experimental hypothesis was correct (real difference in data is overlooked)

Question 6

Non parametric tests

Parametric tests

Answer 6

Chi squared, Spearman’s Rho, Mann Whitney, Wilcoxon

Pearson’s r, Related t-test, Unrelated t-test

Question 7

Parametric tests vs non-parametric tests

Answer 7

Parametric tests are more robust and powerful.
Three factors that mean a parametric test can be conducted:
- Interval level of measurement
- Normal distribution
- Similar variance of data

Question 8

Mneumonic

(Learn table)

Answer 8

Carrots Should Come
Mashed With Swede
Under Roast Potatoes

Question 9

How to decide which test to use
3 questions

Answer 9

1) Does the research involve a correlation, test of difference or association?
2) Which research design is being used?
3) Which level of measurement is being used?

Question 10

Spearman’s Rho

Answer 10

Used when testing a relationship or correlation
Ordinal
Related pairs
Non-parametric

Question 11

Mann Whitney

Answer 11

Used when looking for a test of difference
Independent group design
Ordinal or interval
Non-parametric

Question 12

Chi squared

Answer 12

Used either for a test of difference or association
Independent measures design
Nominal data
Non-parametric

Question 13

Wilcoxon

Answer 13

Used to measure a test of difference
Repeated measures design or matched participants design
Ordinal
Non-parametric

Question 14

Related t-test

Answer 14

Used to test a difference
Repeated measures
Interval
Parametric test

Question 15

Unrelated t-test

Answer 15

Used for a test of difference
Independent group design
Interval
Parametric test

Question 16

Pearson’s r

Answer 16

Used for investigating correlations or relationships
Interval
Parametric test