A1.1- Water

Question 1

What is water required for?

Answer 1

1. Effective interaction of the naturally formed molecules of life
2. Formation of compartments

Question 2

What is electronegativity?

Answer 2

The ability of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons

Question 3

What are the 2 factors that affect electronegativity?

Answer 3

1. Number of protons in the nucleus
2. Number of orbital shells

Question 4

Is water a polar or non-polar molecule?

Answer 4

Polar molecule

Question 5

What is the type of bond found between atoms within a water molecule?

Answer 5

Covalent polar

Question 6

What is the type of bond found between atoms within a water molecule?

Answer 6

Covalent polar

Question 7

Definition of cohesion

Answer 7

A property of water in which water molecules are attracted to each other by hydrogen bonding, allowing the molecules to move together

Question 8

Definition of tension

Answer 8

A force that tends to stretch something

Question 9

Definition of adhesion

Answer 9

A property of water in which water molecules are attracted to surfaces such as the walls of the cells, vessels or tubes

Question 10

Definition of hydrophobic

Answer 10

‘Water hating’ , cannot dissolve in water

Question 11

Definition of hydrophilic

Answer 11

‘Water loving’, can dissolve in water

Question 12

What is a specific heat capacity?

Answer 12

Amount of energy needed to heat 1kg of a liquid by 1 degree

Question 13

What is capillary action?

Answer 13

The ability of a liquid to move through narrow tubes that results from cohesion, adhesion and surface tension

Question 14

What are the physical properties of water?

Answer 14

1. Buoyancy
2. Viscosity
3. Thermal conductivity
4. Specific heat capacity

Question 15

What is lift?

Answer 15

Mechanical force acting through the centre of pressure and perpendicular to the direction of flow

Question 16

What is drag?

Answer 16

resistant force which slows movement down

Question 17

What is buoyancy?

Answer 17

A force that counteracts the force of gravity

Question 18

What is viscosity?

Answer 18

The resistance to flow and is related to how much energy is needed to change the shape of a liquid

Question 19

How was water delivered to Earth according to scientific studies?

Answer 19

By asteroids

Question 20

What allows water to be retained on Earth?

Answer 20

Gravity and moderate temperature

Question 21

What is the ‘Goldilocks zone’ ?

Answer 21

The distance from the sun that is neither too hot nor cold to maintain liquid (just the right distance)

Question 22

What is the ‘habitable zone’ ?

Answer 22

Refers to the orbital distance from a star that will result in liquid water