A10 Anatomy of Lungs and Plurae Flashcards
Mediastinum:
medial, contains heart, great vessels, other structures
plural cavities
right and left contains lungs and pleurae
pleura
serous membrane
invests lunchs
lines pleural cavity
encloses pleural sac
-real space, very small
Serous layers are sheets of mesothelium that are one cell thinck and secrete small amount of fluid
layers of pleurae
Visceral Pleura: adherent to lung material
parietal pleura: adherent to body wall -cervical -costal diaphragmatic -mediastinal
continuous at hilum of lunch and pulmonary ligament
sternal reflection
lines indicating changes in direction of pleura
R& L sternal angles meet at stenal angle
right descends to xiphoid process to become costal reflection
left deviates at tib 4: heart
costal reflection
costal pleural reflection costal and diaphragmatic plurae continuous
right and left costal reflections reach rib 8 at midclvicular line nad rib 10 at midaxillary line
right and left costal reflections terminate at rib 12 (t12) at paravertebral line
pleural recesses
space with no lung
costal diaphragmatic recess
- costal diaphragmatic pleurae meet
- includes some costal reflection
space that can fill with fluid, aspirated at midaxillary line ribs 9-10
costomediastinal recess
lateral to the inferior portion of the sternal body on the LEFT side
associated with the cardiac notch of left lung
costodiaphragmatic recess: gutters along the costal reflection
(2 rib rule)
MDA 1.41 and MDA 1.31
pleuritis (pleurisy)
inflammation of pleura (infection/adhesion) pain with activity (audible friction)
Breach of Pleural cavities
R&L separate
- Hydrothorax: fluid
- pneumothorax: air
- hemothorax: water
- chylothorax: lymph
breach of thoracic wall
lunch highly elastic recoils to 1/3 original size (pneumothorax)
Mediastinum
Central compartment of thoracic cavity
Contains Heart, great vessels, leaves impression of cadaveric lungs
separates right and left lungs and pleura
connected at hilum/root of lunch
Lung anatomy borders
Apex (base of neck)
Base (over diaphragm
costal surface
diaphragmatic surface
mediastinal surface
ANTERIOR BORDER
- this shart over pericardium
- cardiac notch on left lung
INFERIOR BORDER
- periphery of diaphragm
- sharp costodiaphragmatic recess
- blunt at mediastinum
Posterior Border:
Rounded, near vertebra
Right Lung
THree lobes
(superior, middle, inferior)
horizontal fissure
Oblique fissure
middle lobe wedge shaped
Left Lung
2 lobes (superior and inferior)
Oblique fissure
Cardiac notch in anterior border
lingual inferior to cardiac notch
bronchial system
DRAW
cartilage supported airway
larynx to lungs
Ends at alveoli with capillary beds for exchange
Trachea
From Cricoid Cartilage (C6)
to bifurcation at T4/T5 sternal angle
palpable at suprasternal notch
C-shaped, cartilaginous rings
Carina (bifurcation T4/T5)
Primary Bronchi
R&L lungs formed by C shaped Cartilage
Right main brochus
-wider more vertical
-easier to trap objects
Bronchial Tree
branches
Lobar
-three right two left (lobectomy)
Segmental (tertiary) bronchi (to each bronchopulmonary segment
-wedge cone shape functionally independent segmentectomy
Bronchial Tree Draw
Apical, posterior, anterior
lateral, medial, superior
anterior basal, medial basal, lateral basal, posterior basal
apicoposterior, anterior, superior linglar, superior, inferior lingular
anteromedial basal, lateral basal, posterior basal
bronchol tree ends
alveoli: 20-25 divisions, lack of cartilage
respiratory bronchioles.
alveolar ducts
alveolus
PULMONARY ARTERY (blue) from heart PULMONARY VEIN (red) to heart
artery splits at Hilum
