A1 - Transition Metals and Catalysts Flashcards
Define a transition metal
A metal that forms an ion with a partially filled d-subshell
State two features of transition metals
They can accept and lose electrons. They can be oxidised and reduced
What do the wedges mean in this diagram?
The bond is coming out of the page
What do the dashes mean in this diagram?
The bond is going into the page
What is the name of the structure formed by transition metal ions?
Complex ion
How are the water molecules bonded to the transition metal in this complex ion?
The water donates a pair of electrons to the transition metal, forming a coordinate bond
How are bonds coming out of the page represented?
Using a wedge
How are bonds going into the page represented?
Using a dash
What do reactants need to do in order for a reaction to occur?
Collide with at least the activation energy
What do catalysts do?
Speed up the rate of a reaction by providing an alternative pathway with a lower activation energy
How do catalysts work?
- Provide a surface for the reaction to occur on
- Weaken the reactant bonds
Why does lowering the activation energy increase the rate of reaction?
There will be more frequent successful collisions
Why are transition metals good catalysts?
They have a partially filled d-subshell, so can:
* Accept and donate electrons
* Be oxidised and reduced
What catalyst is used in the Contact process?
Vanadium (V) oxide (V2O5)
What process uses Vanadium (V) oxide (V2O5) as a catalyst?
Contact process
