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CHEMISTRY U5 > A1 > Flashcards

A1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid

A

Contains Hydrogen & Dissociates In Water To Form Hydrogen Ions (H+) Doner

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2
Q

Base

A

reacts with acid to form salt & water

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3
Q

Alkali

A

Base that dissolves in water
form hydroxide ions

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4
Q

Amphoteric

A

substance that can act like an acid or base

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5
Q

The Bayer process purpose

A

Extract Al2O3 From Bauxite Ore

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6
Q

An Oxide is

A

any atom bonded with oxygen atom called oxide

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7
Q

examples of an acid

A

SO2

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8
Q

examples of a base

A

Na2O

MgO

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9
Q

example of amphoteric

A

Al2O3

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10
Q

what is hydroxide

A

Hydrogen + Oxygen

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11
Q

what is a metal hydroxide

A

any metal ion bonded with OH+

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12
Q

what can aluminium oxide be used as

A

filler
paint
sunscreen
glass
lining for furnaces

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13
Q

transition metal

A

has a partially filled d subshall

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14
Q

what solution do transition metals produce

A

coloured solutions

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15
Q

which process happens between hydrogen and catalysed by iron

A

harber process

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16
Q

Complex ions

A

centra atom or ion surrounded by ligands

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17
Q

first step in the bayer process

A

bauxite crushed into small grains

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18
Q

why is bauxite crushed into small grains

A

increase rate of reaction

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19
Q

second step in the bayer process

A

react with concentrated hot sodium hydroxide under pressure

20
Q

why does the Alumina need to react with concentrated hot sodium hydroxide under pressure

A

alumina is amphoteric, so reacts with alkali sodium hydroxide

21
Q

third step in the bayers process

A

forms a slurry

22
Q

fourth step in the bayer process

A

alumina dissolves, iron oxide doesnt

23
Q

Why does alumina dissolves, iron oxide doesn’t

A

alumina is acidic so dissolves in alkali

iron oxide is alkali does not react with alkali

24
Q

fifth step in bayer process

A

impurities filtered off

25
Q

which impurities are filtered off

A

insoluble impurities

26
Q

sixth step in bayers process

A

solution cooled then seeded with aluminium Hydroxide

27
Q

why is the solution seeded with aluminium hydroxide

A

is added to form small crystals which then grow into larger crystals

28
Q

seventh step of the bayer process

A

aluminium hydroxide is filtered off then heated in a kiln to form alumina

29
Q

why is aluminium filtered off then heated in kiln to form alumina

A

heating evapourates any water

30
Q

complex ions

A

central atom or ion surrounded by ligands

31
Q

what type of chemical is Na2O

A

base

32
Q

what type of chemical is NaOH

A

alkali

33
Q

use of NaOH

A

cleaning products
making plastic & soap

34
Q

what type of chemical is CaO

A

base

35
Q

what type of chemical is Ca(OH)2

A

alkali

36
Q

Use Of Ca(OH)2

A

raising Ph of Acidic Soil

37
Q

what type of chemical is Mg(OH)2

A

alkali

38
Q

use of Mg(OH)2

A

treating indigestion

39
Q

what type of chemical is SO2

A

acid

40
Q

Electrolyte used:

A

Al2O3 dissolved in Molten cryolite

41
Q

Electrolysis

A

Decomposition of a compound using

42
Q

Electrolysis breaks down which compound

A

Ionic

43
Q

Ions need to be wat to move

A

Free to move

44
Q

Negative Chloride ions move to which electrode

A

Positive electrode

45
Q

Positive sodium ions move to which electrode

A

Cathode

46
Q

Desired Products for electrolysis

A

NaOH
CL2
H2

CHEMISTRY U5 (3 decks)

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