A Survey of Basic Grammar Flashcards
What is a sentence?
A sentence is a group of words that make complete sense. Clauses and phrases make sense, but they cannot stand alone.
What is a clause?
A clause is a group of words having a finite verb.
What is a phrase?
A phrase is a group of words not having a finite verb.
What is a subject?
The subject is the person or thing about which something is said.
What is a predicate?
The predicate is the part of the sentence that says something about the subject.
What is a simple predicate?
A simple predicate is the verb only.
What is a complete predicate?
A complete predicate includes the main verb plus such elements as a direct object, a modifier to the direct object, an indirect object, and a modifier to the indirect object.
What is a direct object?
A direct object receives (or is affected by) the action of the verb (external object), shows the result of the action (internal object), or otherwise completes the verbal idea.
What is an indirect object?
An indirect object tells to whom (or what) or for whom (or what) an action is done.
What is a noun?
Nouns are words used to name persons, places, things, and ideas.
What is a pronoun?
Pronouns are words used in the place of a noun.
What are examples of personal pronouns?
I, me, we, us, you, he, him, she, her, it, they, them.
What are examples of possessive pronouns?
My, mine, our, ours, your, yours, his, her, hers, its, their, theirs.
What are examples of reflexive pronouns?
Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
What are examples of relative pronouns?
Who, whom,which, that, whose.
What are examples of interrogative pronouns?
Who? Whom? Which? What? Whose?
What are examples of demonstrative pronouns?
This, these, that, those.
What are examples of indefinite pronouns?
All, another, any, anybody, anyone, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, few, many, most, neither, nobody, none, no one, one, other, several, some, somebody, someone, such.
What are adjectives?
Adjectives are words used to modify a noun or pronoun.
What are verbs?
Verbs are words used to express an action or otherwise make a statement, ask a question, or give a command.
What are transitive verbs?
Transitive verbs take an object (noun or pronoun).
What are intransitive verbs?
Intransitive verbs do not take an object.
What are linking verbs?
Linking verbs join a noun, pronoun, or adjective to the subject in order to describe or identity it.
What are examples of linking verbs?
Appear, become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, is.
Linking verbs may also function as action verbs:
1) The man smelled the soup (action verb)
2) The soup smelled good (linking verb)
*note: may generally be recognized if you can substitute some form of the verb (seem)
What are adverbs?
Adverbs are words used to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. When they modify verbs they tell the place, time, manner, or extent (how much or how often) of the action.
What are prepositions?
Prepositions are words used to show the relation of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence (of, with, by, through).
What are conjunctions?
Conjunctions are words used to join sentences, clauses, or words.
What are examples of common coordinating conjunctions?
And, but, or, nor, for.
What are common subordinating conjunctions?
After, though, because, before, since, so that, until, than, unless, when, if, in order that.
What are common correlative conjunctions?
Either…or
No only…but (also)
Neither…nor
Whether…or
Both…and
What are the 8 parts of speech?
Noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, proposition, conjunction, and interjection.
