A&P2 Final Exam Flashcards
What condition is characterized by unilateral localized pain that is sharp or burning and occurs frequently in women 40 years and older?
Noncyclic mastalgia
Is noncyclic mastalgia a sign of breast cancer?
Rarely
Define mastalgia
Breast pain
When during a woman’s cycle is mastalgia common?
Premenstrual
What is a common breast change in women with mastalgia?
Fibrocystic
What is the first line treatment for mastalgia?
Reassurance
What are 5 treatments for mastalgia?
Supportive bra, modify dose or route of hormone therapy, different contraceptive method or delivery system, topical use of NSAID, herbal products
Give 3 examples of nipple discharge
Normal lactation
Galactorrhea unrelated to child bearing
Non milky discharge
Describe non milky nipple discharge
spontaneous
unilateral
from single duct
clear or bloody in color
likely associated with cancer
What are common causes of benign non milky nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma/mammary duct ectasia
Is Galactorrhea caused by breast pathology?
No
If your patient presents with nipple discharge what other medical condition would you ask about?
Hypothyroidism
Are STI’s in women more frequently asymptomatic or symptomatic?
Asymptomatic
Which age group has the highest prevalence rates of STI’s?
Adolescence
What age group are more susceptible to cervical infections
Female adolescence and young women
What is the most common STI in the US?
HPV
What causes genital warts and cervical cancer?
HPV
What are 5 symptoms of HPV?
Perfuse irritating vaginal discharge
Itching
Dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
Post coital bleeding (after sexual intercourse)
Bumps (warts)
What prevents HPV?
Vaccination
What STI is characterized by a painful vesicular eruption of skin and mucosa of genitals?
Genital Herpes
What is the cure for genital herpes?
There is no cure however systemic antiviral drugs partially control symptoms
What are the 2 types of genital herpes and how are they transmitted?
HSV 1 - non-sexually or oral to genital contact
HSV 2 - transmitted sexually
What is a bacterial infection of the GU tract caused by gram negative bacteria?
Chancroid
What is a parasitic infection caused by lice?
pediculosis pubis