A&P Voice Production _ Terminology

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Study of structure

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

study of function

Question 3

Gross Anatomy vs. Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 3

refers to level of visibility of strucures under study

Gross - what you can see with eye/big organs

Micro- view at a cellular level, under microscope

Question 4

Sagittal section

Answer 4

divides body in left & right planes

Question 5

Coronal section

Answer 5

divides body front & back

Question 6

Anterior

Answer 6

Ventral / front surface

Question 7

Posterior

Answer 7

Dorsal / back surface

Question 8

Rostral

Answer 8

towards the head

Question 9

Peripheral

Answer 9

away from the middle / midline

ex. the hands are peripheral to the shoulder

Question 10

Superficial

Answer 10

near the surface

Question 11

Deep

Answer 11

further from the surface

Question 12

Prone

Answer 12

on your belly / face down

Question 13

Supine

Answer 13

face up / belly up / on your back

Question 14

Lateral

Answer 14

towards the surface

Question 15

Plantar

Answer 15

sole of the foot

Question 16

palmar

Answer 16

hand

Question 17

4 planes body is divided

Answer 17

1. sagittal (Left & Right)
2. frontal (Front & Back)
3. transverse (midline/horizonal/top & bottom)
4. oblique (at angles across body)

Question 18

How many body systems used in Speech?

What are they?

Answer 18

5 systems

Muscular - Skeletal - Respiratory - Nervous - Digestive

Question 19

How many basic tissues of the human body?

Name them

Answer 19

4
Epithelial 
Connective
Muscular
Nervous

Question 20

Epithelial Tissues do what?

Answer 20

protect the lining for the surface of the body

Question 21

Connective tissues do what?

Answer 21

support other structures;

includes cartilage, blood and bones

Question 22

Muscular tissues do what?

What are the 3 kinds of tissues?

Answer 22

contract

striated, smooth or cardiac

Question 23

Nervous tissues do what?

Answer 23

transmit information

Question 24

Muscle tissues - how many are there?

Answer 24

3
Striated
Smooth
Cardiac

Question 25

Striated muscles

Answer 25

long planes and pieces

to generate force and contract in order to support respiration, locomotion, and posture (skeletal muscle) and to pump blood throughout the body (cardiac muscle).

Question 26

Smooth muscles

Answer 26

muscular tissue of the digestive tract and blood vessels; involuntary movements

Question 27

Cardiac muscles

Answer 27

muscles surrounding the heart; related to the autonomic nervous system

Question 28

Nervous tissues

Answer 28

highly specialized communicative tissues
consists of neurons or nerve cells
transmit information

Question 29

How to nervous tissues communicate information (3 different ways)?

Answer 29

neuron to neuron
neuron to muscle
sensory receptor to neuron

Question 30

Facia

Answer 30

internal connective tissue that wraps around organs, providing support and holding parts together

sheet like membrane

Question 31

Ligaments

Answer 31

tough fibrous band of connective tissue that serves to support the internal organs and hold bones together in proper articulation at the joints

stretchy are yellow
non-stretchy are white

Question 32

Tendons

Answer 32

attach muscles to bones or cartiladge

Question 33

Aponeurosis

Answer 33

a sheet-like tendon material that anchors a muscle or connects it with the part that the muscle moves

Question 34

What is orgin?

Answer 34

a point of attachment of least amount of movement

Question 35

What is insertion?

Answer 35

the point of attachment of the part that moves w/contraction

Question 36

What is agonist?

Answer 36

muscles that move a structure

Question 37

Antagonists

Answer 37

muscles that oppose movement

Question 38

Afferent

Answer 38

carry to a certain location; generally sensory nerve input impulses (sensory)

afferent arrives

Question 39

Efferent

Answer 39

carry away from a central point (excitatory)