A&P Review

Question 1

Why is understanding Fluid & Electrolytes so important?

Answer 1

Helps recognize a potiental problem in the patient such as:

Fluid overload & Dehydration

Question 2

What are the funtion(s) of Fluids?

Answer 2

1. Tempeture regulation
2. Assist in digestion & in the removal of waste
3. Helps electrolytes move in and out of cells
4. Lubricates joints & mucus membranes

Question 3

Renin- Angiotensin-Aldosteron System

Answer 3

1. Fall in Blood Volume, BP, Blood O_2, Blood sodium levels.
2. Kidneys produce & secrete Renin into bloodstream
3. Renin activates Angiotensin I
4. In lungs Angiotension I is converted to Angiotension II by ACE
5. Angiotension II constricts Blood Vessels which increases BP, stimulates thirst, release Aldosterone & acts directly on kidneys causing them to retain Na & H2O

Question 4

What is Aldosterone?

Answer 4

Aldosterone is a hormone released by the Adrenal Glands. It’s a H2O & Na saving hormone, promotes Na & H2O retention by the kidneys, restoring Blood Volume.

Question 5

Antidiuretic Hormone

(ADH)

Answer 5

• Released by Hypothalmus during DEHYDRATION
• ADH produced & released to REABSORB water in kidneys.

_OUTCOME: _

• Urine output is decreased
• blood volume restored.

Question 6

Atrial Natruiretic Peptide

(ANP)

Answer 6

• Released by the cells in the Atria of the Heart during FLUID OVERLOAD.
• inhibits (stops) Renin secretion & blocks secretion effects of Aldosterone.
• Promotes Sodium & Water loss.

_OUTCOME: _

• Blood Vessels dilate