A&P quiz 2 Flashcards
Oxygen
Essential for life, the air we breathe contains 21%, composed of 2 oxygen atoms
Properties of Water
It’s a universal solvent, a lubricant (decreases friction), and its protective (cushion)
Isotopes
Radioactive, unstable variant form of the same chemical element. (Same #of protons, but # of neutrons vary)
Bases
A substance, often hydroxyl ion, that combines with hydrogen ions to make a solution less acidic
Acids
An electrolyte that dissociates into hydrogen ions and an anion
Acidic solution
Has a higher hydrogen ion concentration, has a pH less than 7
Neutral solution
Same # of hydrogen ions as hydroxide ions, has a pH of 7
Basic solution
Has a higher hydroxide ion concentration, has a pH greater than 7.
Normal blood pH
7.35-7.45
Acidosis
Too many hydrogen ions, pH less than 7.35
Alkalosis
Too few hydrogen ions, pH greater than 7.45
Buffer system
Resists pH changes OR restores pH imbalances
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate; energy
Cellular Respiration Formula
Glucose+O2 —> CO2+H2O+ ATP+ Heat
Ions
Atoms that carry an electrical charge. (Cations or anions)
Cations
Positively charged ions. Ex(s). Sodium, calcium, hydrogen, iron, and potassium
What are 4 elements that make up 96% of body weight?
Oxygen-65%
Carbon-18.5%
Hydrogen-9.5%
Nitrogen-3.2%
Atoms
Basic unit of matter, smallest unit of an element that retain its unique chemical properties
Chemical reactions
Process where the atoms of molecules or compounds interact to form new chemical combinations (form/ break bonds)
Covalent Bond
Sharing of electrons in the outermost shell
Ionic bond
Transfer of electrons between atoms
Hydrogen bond
Don’t transfer or share electrons; an intermolecular attraction not caused by transfer or sharing. Weak due to electronegativity
Catalysts
Chemical substances that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction
Enzymes
Proteins that serve as catalysts, speed up chemical reactions without the need for an external source of energy. Requires normal body temp and normal pH to function.
