A&P quiz 2

Question 1

Oxygen

Answer 1

Essential for life, the air we breathe contains 21%, composed of 2 oxygen atoms

Question 2

Properties of Water

Answer 2

It’s a universal solvent, a lubricant (decreases friction), and its protective (cushion)

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

Radioactive, unstable variant form of the same chemical element. (Same #of protons, but # of neutrons vary)

Question 4

Bases

Answer 4

A substance, often hydroxyl ion, that combines with hydrogen ions to make a solution less acidic

Question 5

Acids

Answer 5

An electrolyte that dissociates into hydrogen ions and an anion

Question 6

Acidic solution

Answer 6

Has a higher hydrogen ion concentration, has a pH less than 7

Question 7

Neutral solution

Answer 7

Same # of hydrogen ions as hydroxide ions, has a pH of 7

Question 8

Basic solution

Answer 8

Has a higher hydroxide ion concentration, has a pH greater than 7.

Question 9

Normal blood pH

Answer 9

7.35-7.45

Question 10

Acidosis

Answer 10

Too many hydrogen ions, pH less than 7.35

Question 11

Alkalosis

Answer 11

Too few hydrogen ions, pH greater than 7.45

Question 12

Buffer system

Answer 12

Resists pH changes OR restores pH imbalances

Question 13

ATP

Answer 13

Adenosine Triphosphate; energy

Question 14

Cellular Respiration Formula

Answer 14

Glucose+O2 —> CO2+H2O+ ATP+ Heat

Question 15

Ions

Answer 15

Atoms that carry an electrical charge. (Cations or anions)

Question 16

Cations

Answer 16

Positively charged ions. Ex(s). Sodium, calcium, hydrogen, iron, and potassium

Question 17

What are 4 elements that make up 96% of body weight?

Answer 17

Oxygen-65%
Carbon-18.5%
Hydrogen-9.5%
Nitrogen-3.2%

Question 18

Atoms

Answer 18

Basic unit of matter, smallest unit of an element that retain its unique chemical properties

Question 19

Chemical reactions

Answer 19

Process where the atoms of molecules or compounds interact to form new chemical combinations (form/ break bonds)

Question 20

Covalent Bond

Answer 20

Sharing of electrons in the outermost shell

Question 21

Ionic bond

Answer 21

Transfer of electrons between atoms

Question 22

Hydrogen bond

Answer 22

Don’t transfer or share electrons; an intermolecular attraction not caused by transfer or sharing. Weak due to electronegativity

Question 23

Catalysts

Answer 23

Chemical substances that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction

Question 24

Enzymes

Answer 24

Proteins that serve as catalysts, speed up chemical reactions without the need for an external source of energy. Requires normal body temp and normal pH to function.