A&P Quiz 1 Flashcards
what are a group of tissues arranged to accomplish functions
organs
plane that divides the body into front & back sections (or ventral & dorsal)
frontal/coronal plane
the head is blank to the chest
superior
located on or near the surface of the body
superficial
plane that divides the body lengthwise into left and right portions
sagittal plane
system that contains kidneys, bladder and other drainage structures.
urinary system
system containing ovaries and testes; enables human reproduction
reproductive system
the skin is ? to the muscle
superficial
farthest away from the point of attachment
distal
cavity surrounded by bone & contains the brain
cranial cavity
smallest living units of structure & function; the basic unit of life
cells
closer to the point of attachment/trunk
proximal
chemicals that are nonliving, simple and usually does not contain carbon.
inorganic chemicals
away from the midline of the body
lateral
the study of body structures and the relationship of its parts
anatomy
the study of cause & effect
pathology
the fingers are ? to the elbow
distal
an imaginary flat surface that separates two parts of the body in one direction.
plane
cavity formed by the backbone; it contains the spinal cord
spinal cavity
the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment in response to a changing environment
homeostasis
away from the center
peripheral
chemical derived from living organisms, complex and contain carbon.
organic chemical
cavity located posterior, includes the cranial and spinal cavity.
dorsal cavity
fluid filled spaces that hold & protect the internal organs
body cavities
system that defends/protects the body. containes the tonsils, thymus, and spleen
immune system
system contains many glands, secretes hormones & chemical substances, regulates growth, reproduction, metabolism and water balance
endocrine system
the wrist is ? to the fingers
proximal
body part AWAY from the surface
deep
system that contains skin, hair and nails. regulates body temp
integumentary system
located in the center
central
muscle responsible for movement of skeleton, maintenance of body posture, attaches to bones.
skeletal muscle
cavity located anterior; containes the thoracic and abdominal cavity
ventral cavity
cavity containing the lungs, the mediastinum, pericardial cavity(heart) and the thymus
thoracic cavity (pleural cavity)
cavity containing the liver, stomach, intestines, peritoneum, pelvic, urinary & reproductive organs.
abdominopelvic cavity
what are the 12 major organ systems?
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, circulatory, immune, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive
things that the body does to bring it back to balance. (ex. sweating to maintain temperature)
feedback mechanism
study of the function of living things and their parts
physiology
what are the 9 posterior terms?
caudal (tailbone)
deltoid(shoulders)
gluteal(buttocks)
lumbar(back)
cervical(neck)
occipital(back of head)
popliteal(back of knee)
scapular(shoulder blade)
flank(fleshy area on back)
the study of chemicals
chemistry
the study of living organisms
biology
the study of body structure
anatomy
the study of body functions
physiology
the branch of science that describes the consequences of improper functioning
pathophysiology
why are anatomy & physiology related?
structure effects function & function influences structure.
what are the 6 levels of organization in the human body- from simple to complex?
chemicals
cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
whole organism
simplest level made up of organic & inorganic atoms
chemicals
meaning “the same”
homeo
menas “staying”
stasis
body erect with feet flat on the floor, facing forwards with arms at sides, palms forward toes forward and feet slightly apart
anatomical position
above, or closer to the head
superior
below, or closer to the feet
inferior
towards the front surface
anterior
towards the back surface
posterior
towards the midline of the body
medial
the nose is ? to the ears
medial
group of cells with similar structure that have the same functions
tissues
system containing the lungs, air passages, and exchanges gases between external environment and the blood
respiratory system
tissue containing neurons and neuralgia
nerve tissues
system composed of the GI tract. ingestion, digestion and absorption of food.
digestive system
-system composed of ther blood, heart, & blood vessels.
-transports substances through the body
-removes waste products from cells to organs of excretion
circulatory system
the heart is ? to the breastbone
posterior
what types of tissue are skeletal, smooth and cardiac?
Muscle tissue
the heart is ? to the spinal cord
anterior
tissue composed of contractile protein
muscle tissue
type of tissue found on the skin & lines the body cavities.
-also forms glands
epithelial tissue
the system that includes the brain, spinal cord, & nerves.
-recieves and transmits
-electrochemical impulses
-coordinates the body
Nervous system
tissues that binds & connects body structures
connective tissue
system that produces movement through contractions; contains 3 muscles
muscular system
what are the 4 types of tissue?
connective, epithelial, muscle and nerve tissue
system that is hard & protects; contains the bones, joints and cartilage. it supports and protects the organs
skeletal system
muscle found in various organs & tubes; contraction & relaxation allows the body fluid to move.
smooth muscle
muscles found in the heart, allows to pump blood thru the body.
cardiac muscles
name the 4 abdominal quadrants
right upper, left upper, left lower, right lower
plane that divides the body horizontally
transverse plane
what are the 3 types of muscles?
skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles
a group of organs that altogether contribute to particular function
organ systems
