A&P Lab Flashcards
Cells
What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen or carbon dioxide.
What is the function of white blood cells?
To destroy pathogenic microorganisms and parasites.
Cells that have a granular cytoplasm are called?
Granulocytes
Cells that don’t have a granular cytoplasm are called?
Agranulocytes
Name three granulocytes:
- Neutrophil
- Eosinophil
- Basophil
Name three agranulocytes:
- Lymphocyte
- Monocyte
- Platelet (Thrombocyte)
What is the Rh blood group named after?
The Rhesus monkey.
What is another name for red blood cells?
Erythrocytes
What is another name for white blood cells?
Leukocytes
What are white blood cells that have a granular cytoplasm?
Granulocytes
What are white blood cells that don’t have a granular cytoplasm?
Agranulocytes
A platelet is a cell fragment and lacks what?
A nucleus
What is the most numerous white blood cell?
Neutrophils
What is the function of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What is the oxygen carrying substance in a red blood cell?
Hemoglobin
This lacks a nucleus, is a biconcave disc, and a thin center that is almost hollow.
Red Blood Cells
This is slightly larger than RBCs, and the rim is nearly clear cytoplasm. In smaller ones the nearly round nucleus appears to fill most of the cell. In larger ones it’s hard to distinguish these from monocytes.
Lymphocytes
This is the largest WBC, and it’s 2-3x larger than RBCs. The cytoplasm is nearly clear. The nucleus is either round, kidney shaped, oval, or lobed.
Monocytes
This is a cell fragment and is in single to small clusters.
Platelets
These have fine, light purple granules. The nucleus is single to five lobes (highly variable). Immature ones are called bands and have a C shaped nucleus. Mature ones are called segs and have a lobed nucleus. They’re often called polymorphonuclear leukocytes when they’re older.
Neutrophils
These have course, reddish granules, and the nucleus is usually bilobed.
Eosinophils
These have course, deep blue to almost black granules. The nucleus is almost hidden by the granules.
Basophils
Which granulocyte phagocytizes small particles?
Neutrophils
Which granulocyte releases heparin and histamine?
Basophils
Which granulocyte destroys parasites, and helps control inflammation and allergic reactions?
Eosinophils
Which agranulocyte provides immunity?
Lymphocyte
Which agranulocyte phagocytizes large particles?
Monocytes
What’s another name for a platelet?
Thrombocytes
Which agranulocyte helps to control blood loss from injured blood vessels?
Platelets or Thrombocytes
Name the four veins of the upper limb and shoulder.
- Axillary vein
- Cephalic vein
- Basilic vein
- Median antebrachial vein (superfical)
Name the three tunics of the walls of arteries and veins.
- Tunica interna
- Tunica media
- Tunica externa
What three things are cardiac muscle tissue made up of?
- Cardiac muscle
- Nucleus
- Intercalated discs
This cell’s function is 50-70% of bacterial infections and stress. Also is it a granulocyte or an agranulocyte?
Neutrophil - Granulocyte
This cell’s function is 25-33% mono, whooping cough, and viral infections. Also is it a granulocyte or an agranulocyte?
Lymphocyte - Agranulocyte
This cell’s function is 3-9% malaria, tuberculosis, and fungal infections. Also is it a granulocyte or an agranulocyte?
Monocyte - Agranulocyte
This cell’s function is 1-3% allergic reactions, auto immune diseases, and parasitic worms. Also is it a granulocyte or an agranulocyte?
Eosinophil - Granulocyte
This cell’s function is <1% cancers, chicken pox, and hypothyroidism. Also is it a granulocyte or an agranulocyte?
Basophil - Granulocyte
Name four veins of the upper limb and shoulder.
- Axillary
- Cephalic
- Basilic
- Median Antebrachial
Name six veins of the pelvis and lower limb.
- Inferior Vena Cava
- Common iliac vein
- Internal iliac vein
- External iliac vein
- Femoral vein
