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A&P II > A&P II Final Exam Review (Jim) 7/25/24 > Flashcards

A&P II Final Exam Review (Jim) 7/25/24 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is hemolytic disease of the newborn?
A
  1. A woman with Rh-positive blood need not worry at all.
  2. A woman with Rh-negative blood has nothing to worry about if their baby is also Rh-negative
  3. Problems arise only with Rh-negative mothers and Rh-positive babies. Usually, the first pregnancy goes fine. It’s a subsequent Rh-positive baby who may be at risk.
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2
Q
  1. The most important feature of hemoglobin is what?
A

it binds to oxygen

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3
Q
  1. What cells below can be found in significantly elevated numbers during a bacterial infection in the body?
A

Neutrophils

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4
Q
  1. Which of the cells below ultimately becomes activated to become the largest phagocytic cell in the body?
A

Macrophages or monocytes (turn into macrophage)

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5
Q
  1. When a clot is no longer needed, the _____ is dissolved by ______?
A

Fibrin, plasmin

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6
Q
  1. What blood vessels do not carry oxygen?
A

Pulmonary artery and umbilical artery

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7
Q
  1. If a murmur is heard throughout systole what does that mean?
A

It means that one of the AV valves is not fully shut

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8
Q
  1. Which of the following statements about the heart is not true?
A

The QRS complex in the ECG of a patient corresponds to ventricular repolarization

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9
Q
  1. Which of the following statements concerning the chordae tendinae is not true?
A

They prevent the semi lunar valve from involution turning out like an umbrella

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10
Q
  1. When the Foreman Ovale fails to close after birth, the congenital defect is called?
A

Atrial septal defect

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11
Q
  1. A drop in blood volume will immediately trigger all of the following except?
A

Increased system blood pressure

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12
Q
  1. What are the two blood vessels that emerge from where the abdominal aorta exists?
A

Right and left common iliac artery

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13
Q
  1. What are the branches of the aortic arch?
A

1-brachialcephalic artery, #2 left common carotid artery and #3 left subclavian artery

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14
Q
  1. Which of the following statements is true?
A

The 2 sets of blood vessels that directly deliver oxygenated blood into the Circle of Willis are the internal carotid arteries and basilar artery

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15
Q
  1. What are the two sets of blood vessels that deliver oxygenated blood into the circle of Willis?
A

Internal carotid arteries and basal arteries

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16
Q
  1. The name of the blood vessel found on the back of the knee is?
A

Popliteal artery

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17
Q
  1. What are the three blood vessels that emerge from the celiac trunk?
A

Left gastric artery, splenic artery, and common hepatic arteries

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18
Q
  1. Erythrocytes have no _____ and derive their ATP from _____?
A

Organelles and glycolysis

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19
Q
  1. Even though the lymphatic system is heavily involved in immune system response, its main function is?
A

Fluid homeostasis

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20
Q
  1. Most of the deoxygenated blood from abdominal organs drains directly in the?
A

hepatic portal vein

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21
Q
  1. If the lymphatic vessel in the lower left leg of a patient becomes blocked what would you expect to see?
A

The left leg would develop edema

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22
Q
  1. As the tubes make up the respiratory tree branch and become smaller, what change happens on the way down the respiratory tree?
A

We progressively lose cartilage and increase smooth muscle

23
Q
  1. The main defense that the respiratory system has to prevent unwanted particulate matter from reaching the alveoli is?
A

mucociliary clearance

24
Q
  1. When a patient has an obstructive pulmonary disease like asthma, you would expect all of the following except:
A

high O2 saturation rates

25
Q
  1. The peripheral chemoreceptors and baroreceptors are located where?
A

Cortical sinuses and aortic arch

26
Q
  1. Any _____ that causes _____can cause right ventricular hypertrophy in the heart and ultimately right-sided heart failure.
A

Pulmonary disease, increased pulmonary vascular resistance

27
Q
  1. The levels of what molecule ion drives respiratory?
A

CO2

28
Q
  1. In the nephrons, where does most of the absorption slash reabsorption occur?
A

PCT -proximal convoluted tubule

29
Q
  1. Where does the peritubular originate from, and what does it wrap around?
A

Originates from the Efferent arterioles and wraps around the PCT and DCT

30
Q
  1. The kidneys are responsible for all of the following functions except:
A

they convert systemic nitrogenous waste to urea

31
Q
  1. The extra long _____in the ______ helps maintain salt content of the renal medulla.
A

Loop of Henle, juxtamedullary nephron

32
Q
  1. Which of the following statements regarding the act of micturition is not correct?
A

Nocturnal micturition in healthy adults is normal

33
Q

Which of the following is accurate regarding blood flow in the kidney?

A

Renal artery to segmental to interlobar arteries to arcuate arteries

34
Q
  1. Where is the intrinsic factor made _____ and it helps absorb _____ and it’s absorbed it in the _____?
A

Stomach, B12, Ileum

35
Q
  1. What is the function of bile?
A

To emulsified fats

36
Q
  1. Why does the small intestine have many folds?
A

To increase surface area for absorption

37
Q
  1. What does the enteric nervous system do?
A

Controls the gastrointestinal (GI) tract

38
Q
  1. What does the mesenteric plexus do?
A

Controls gastrointestinal (GI) motility

39
Q
  1. What does the exocrine pancreas do?
A

Secrete enzymes for carbohydrate digestion, secrete enzymes for protein digestion and ??

40
Q
  1. Most hormones are _____ and operate through _____.
A

Water soluble, negative feedback mechanism

41
Q
  1. What is up-regulation in the context of the endocrine system?
A

The body makes more receptor sites for specific hormones

42
Q
  1. What might happen if the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) is damaged in a child?
A

The child may develop but have small stature

43
Q
  1. Which muscle helps regulate the temperature of the testicles?
A

Cremaster muscles

44
Q
  1. What hormone starts the ovarian cycle?
A

GNRH (Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone)

45
Q
  1. Which of the following hormones directly stimulate spermatogenesis?
A

Testosterone

46
Q
  1. When does the secondary reach an oocyte?
A

Upon fertilization

47
Q
  1. What is the longest stage of parturition (3 phases)?
A

Dilation phase is the longest (3 phases are dilation, expulsion and placenta)

48
Q
  1. True/False: The placenta produces all of the progesterone and estrogen needed in the second and third trimesters?
A

True

49
Q
  1. What structure anchors the uterus internally?
A

Round ligament

50
Q
  1. What does the submucosal myenteric plexus do?
A

Regulates peristaltic activity by innervating the muscularis mucosae

51
Q
  1. Where does chemical digestion first begin?
A

In the mouth

52
Q
  1. Concerning surfactant which of the following are true?
A

All of the above

53
Q
  1. The main defense that the respiratory system has to prevent unwanted particles and matter from reaching the alveoli is?
A

Mucus ciliary clearance

54
Q
  1. Most of the deoxygenated blood from abdominal organs drained directly into the _______?
A

Hepatic portal Vein

A&P II (2 decks)

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