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A & P > A & P chpt 4 vocab > Flashcards

A & P chpt 4 vocab Flashcards

1
Q

A & P chpt 4

protein that catalyzes a specific a specific biochemical reaction.

A

enzyme

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2
Q

A & P chpt 4

The chemical reactions in cells that us or release energy

A

metabolism

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3
Q

A & P chpt 4

synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones: anabolic metabolism

A

anabolism

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4
Q

A & P chpt 4

breaksown of large molecules

A

catabolism

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5
Q

A & P chpt 4

anabolic process that joins small molecules by releasing the equivalent of a water molecule.

A

dehydration synthesis

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6
Q

A & P chpt 4

enzymatically adding a water molecule to split a molecule.

A

hydrolysis

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7
Q

A & P chpt 4

target of enzyme action

A

substrate

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8
Q

A & P chpt 4

part of an enzyme that temporarily

A

active sites

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9
Q

A & P chpt 4

a series of linked enzymatically controlled chemical reactions

A

metabolic pathways

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10
Q

A & P chpt 4

enzyme, usually present in small amounts, that controls the rate of a metabolic pathway by regulating one of its steps

A

rate limiting enzyme

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11
Q

A & P chpt 4

nonprotein organic molecule required for the cativity of a particular enzyme

A

coenzyme

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12
Q

A & P chpt 4

organic compound other than a carbohydrate, lipid or protein needed for normal

A

vitamin

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13
Q

A & P chpt 4

small moleculeor ion that must combine with an enzyme for activity

A

cofactor

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14
Q

A & P chpt 4

a biochemical pathway that releases energy from organic compounds

A

cellular respiration

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15
Q

A & P chpt 4

Organic molecule that stores and releases energy used in the cellular process

A

adenosine triphosphate

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16
Q

A & P chpt 4

a molecule produced when adenosine triphosphate loses a terminal phosphate

A

adenosine diphosphate

17
Q

A & P chpt 4

metabolic process that adds phosphate to an organic molecule

A

phosphorylation

18
Q

A & P chpt 4

process by which oxygen combines with another chemical; removal of hydrogen orloss ofelectrons; the opposite of reduction

A

oxidation

19
Q

A & P chpt 4

the energy releasing breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid during cellular respiration

A

glycolysis

20
Q

A & P chpt 4

a series of chemical reations that oxidizes certain molecules, releasing energy; krebs cycle

A

citric acid cycle

21
Q

A & P chpt 4

series of oxidation reduction reactions that takes high energy electronsfrom glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to form water and ATP

A

electron transport chain

22
Q

A & P chpt 4

presence of molecular oxygen

A

aerobic

23
Q

A & P chpt 4

absence of molecular oxygen

A

anarobic

24
Q

A & P chpt 4

organic compound formed from pyruvic acid during the anerobic reacrions of cellular respiration

A

lactic acid

25
Q

A & P chpt 4

intermediate compound produced from the oxidation of carbs and fats

A

acetyl coenzyme A

26
Q

A & P chpt 4

the genetic material; DNA

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

27
Q

A & P chpt 4

information for synthesizingproteinsencoded in the nucleotide sequence of DNA molecules

A

genetic code

28
Q

A & P chpt 4

the unit of inheritance; part of a DNA molecule that encodes info to synthesize a protein, control sequence or tRNA or rRNA

A

gene

A & P (5 decks)

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