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Anam & Phys 1 > A & P Chp. 6 > Flashcards

A & P Chp. 6 Flashcards

0
Q

What is the hardest substance in the body?

A

Enamel

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1
Q

What is the second hardest substance in the body?

A

Bone

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2
Q

What type of connective tissue is bone

A

Specialized connective tissue

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3
Q

What are the functions of bone

A

Support, protection, leverage, storage, blood cell formation

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4
Q

What are the two types of bone structure

A

Cancellous- light and spongy

Compact- dense and heavy

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5
Q

Tiny “spicules” of bone that appear randomly arranged, with spaces between the spicules containing bone marrow is called

A

Cancellous bone

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6
Q

Shafts of long bone that appear randomly arranged, is composed of haversian systems that run lengthwise with the bone is

A

Compact bone

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7
Q

Haversian systems are

A

Layers of ossified bone matrix arranged around a central canal; blood and lymph vessels and nerves

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8
Q

Periosteum is

A

The membrane that covers outer surfaces of bone, contains osteoblasts

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9
Q

Endosteum is

A

The membrane that lines the hollow interior surfaces of bones
Contains osteoblasts

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10
Q

Osteoblasts are

A

Cells that produce bones

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11
Q

Folk man canals supply?

A

Blood to the bones

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12
Q

What are the four bone shapes?

A

Long, short, flat, irregular

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13
Q

What fills the spaces within the bone? There are two types.

A

Bone marrow; red marrow, yellow marrow

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14
Q

Describe Red bone marrow

A

Forms blood cells
Majority of young animals have it
Only a small portion in older animals and is confined to a few specific locations in older animals

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15
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A

Consist primarily of adipose connective tissue

Most common in adults and can revert back to red if needed

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16
Q

What is a condyle

A

is a large round articular surface

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17
Q

The Head is

A

Spherical articular surface on the proximal end of a long bone and joins the shaft of the bone at the neck

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18
Q

A Facet is

A

A flat articular surface

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19
Q

A process is

A

A projection off a bone surface

20
Q

The name of a process depends on what

A

Location for ex. Spinous process of a vertebrae, trochanter on the femur, tuberosity on the ischium, spine on the scapula, wings on the atlas

21
Q

A foramen is

A

A hole in a bone, it may contain blood vessels, or nerves

22
Q

A fossa is

A

A depressed area on the surface of a bone

23
Q

The axial skeleton consist of

A

The skull, hyoid bone, spinal column, ribs , sternum

24
Q

The skull consist of how many bones?

A

37 or 38 separate bones which are mostly joints called sutures

25
Q

The mandible is connected to the rest of the skull by what type of joint

A

A synovial joint

26
Q

What are the bones of the Cranium

A 
External: frontal bones (2) 
Interparietal bones (2) 
Occipital bones (1)
Parietal bones (2)
Temporal (2)
Internal: ethmoid (1)
Sphenoid bone (1)
27
Q

Bones of the ear are

A 
External: incisive bones (2)
Lacrimal bones (2)
Mandible (1 or 2)
Maxillary bones (2)
Nasal (2)
Zygomatic bone (2)
28
Q

Bones of the faces are

A

Internal: vomer bone (1)
Turbinates (4)
Pterygoid bones (2)
Palatines(2)

29
Q

The parts of a single vertebrae are

A

The body, the arch, and the process

30
Q

Intervertebral disk are

A

Cartilage separating bodies of adjacent vertebrae

31
Q

Vertebral arches align to form what?

A

The spinal canal

32
Q

What processes do vertebrae usually contain?

A

Spinous
Transverse
Articular

33
Q

The most cranial vertebral region is

A

The Cervical
C1-atlas
C2-axis

34
Q

What are the vertebral regions from head to tail

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

35
Q

Rib are what type of bone?

A

Flat bones that form the lateral walls of the thorax

36
Q

True or false the dorsal heads of the ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebrae?

A

True

37
Q

The ventral end of the ribs is the

A

Costochondral junction

38
Q

The costochondral junction is

A

Where the costal cartilage meets bony rib

39
Q

Another name for Sternum is

A

The breast bone

40
Q

The sternum forms

A

The floor of the thorax it’s composed of sternebrae

41
Q

What is the most cranial sternebra

A

The manubrium sterni

42
Q

What is the most caudal sternebra

A

The xiphoid process

43
Q

The appendicular skeleton consist of

A

The thoracic limb: scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpal bones carpus, metacarpal bones, phalanges

44
Q

Scapula is

A

A flat triangular bone that forms part of the shoulder joint.

45
Q

The spine of the scapula is

A

The longitudinal ridge on the lateral surface of the scapula

46
Q

The glenoid cavity is

A

The shallow concave articular surface of the scapula

47
Q

Describe the humerus

A

The long bone of the brachium that forms part of the shoulder joint and elbow joint.

Anam & Phys 1 (3 decks)

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