A&P Chapter 1 - Overview Flashcards
DEFINE
Anatomy
Study of the structure and makeup of the organism
DEFINE
Gross Anatomy
Studies organs and their location in the body
DEFINE
Physiology
Study of the processes and functions of the body
DEFINE
Pathophysiology
Study of the functions of an organism in the presence of disease
DEFINE
Systemic Anatomy
Focuses on the anatomy and physiology of each organ separately
Define
Skeletal System
Composed of 206 bones and provides essential functions of support, movement and protection for the structures of the body
3 types of muscle
Skeletal (Striated)
Smooth
Cardiac
Define
Lymphatic System
Passive circulatory system that transports lymph (thin plasma-like fluid formed from interstitial or extracellular fluid around the tissues of the body
Define
Immune System
Related to the lymphatic system, mounts a defense against foreign substances and disease-causing agents
Define
Endocrine System
Consists of glands located throughout the body that secrete hormones to regulate body functions
Define
Integumentary system
Includes skin, nails, hair and sweat/oil glands
Components of an organism
Smallest to largest
- Atom
- Molecule
- Macromolecule
- Organelle
- Cell
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ System
- Organism
Define:
Caudal
terminology to describe the location of body parts
below or lower down - toward the tail bone from higher up
Example: below or lower down - toward the tail bone from higher up
Define:
Chemistry
Chemistry is the study of matter which is anything that takes up space and has mass
Atoms are
tiny particles that compose elements and the smallest units of an element
Each atom consists of
protons, neutrons and electrons
Protons have a ________ charge
Positive
________ are electrically neutral (uncharged)
neutrons
Electrons have ________ electrical charge
negative
Define Ionic bonds
ions with a positive charge are called cations and negative charge are called anions
Define Covalent bonds
some atoms can complete their outer electron shells by sharing electrons to create covalent bonds
Acids are____________ that release___________ ions in water
electrolytes, hydrogen
Bases are electrolytes that release______ that bond with ________ ________
ions, hydrogen ions
pH of blood is
7.35-7.45
