A&P Chapter 1 - Overview

Question 1

DEFINE

Anatomy

Answer 1

Study of the structure and makeup of the organism

Question 2

DEFINE

Gross Anatomy

Answer 2

Studies organs and their location in the body

Question 3

DEFINE

Physiology

Answer 3

Study of the processes and functions of the body

Question 4

DEFINE

Pathophysiology

Answer 4

Study of the functions of an organism in the presence of disease

Question 5

DEFINE

Systemic Anatomy

Answer 5

Focuses on the anatomy and physiology of each organ separately

Question 6

Define

Skeletal System

Answer 6

Composed of 206 bones and provides essential functions of support, movement and protection for the structures of the body

Question 7

3 types of muscle

Answer 7

Skeletal (Striated)
Smooth
Cardiac

Question 8

Define

Lymphatic System

Answer 8

Passive circulatory system that transports lymph (thin plasma-like fluid formed from interstitial or extracellular fluid around the tissues of the body

Question 9

Define

Immune System

Answer 9

Related to the lymphatic system, mounts a defense against foreign substances and disease-causing agents

Question 10

Define

Endocrine System

Answer 10

Consists of glands located throughout the body that secrete hormones to regulate body functions

Question 11

Define

Integumentary system

Answer 11

Includes skin, nails, hair and sweat/oil glands

Question 12

Components of an organism

Smallest to largest

Answer 12

• Atom
• Molecule
• Macromolecule
• Organelle
• Cell
• Tissue
• Organ
• Organ System
• Organism

Question 13

Define:

Caudal

terminology to describe the location of body parts

Answer 13

below or lower down - toward the tail bone from higher up

Example: below or lower down - toward the tail bone from higher up

Question 14

Define:

Chemistry

Answer 14

Chemistry is the study of matter which is anything that takes up space and has mass

Question 15

Atoms are

Answer 15

tiny particles that compose elements and the smallest units of an element

Question 16

Each atom consists of

Answer 16

protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 17

Protons have a ________ charge

Answer 17

Positive

Question 18

________ are electrically neutral (uncharged)

Answer 18

neutrons

Question 19

Electrons have ________ electrical charge

Answer 19

negative

Question 20

Define Ionic bonds

Answer 20

ions with a positive charge are called cations and negative charge are called anions

Question 21

Define Covalent bonds

Answer 21

some atoms can complete their outer electron shells by sharing electrons to create covalent bonds

Question 22

Acids are____________ that release___________ ions in water

Answer 22

electrolytes, hydrogen

Question 23

Bases are electrolytes that release______ that bond with ________ ________

Answer 23

ions, hydrogen ions

Question 24

pH of blood is

Answer 24

7.35-7.45