A&P Cardiovascular - The Heart

Question 1

The chamber of the heart with the thickest myocardium is the

_____.

Answer 1

left ventricle

Question 2

major branch from the ascending aorta; passes inferior to the left auricle

Answer 2

left coronary artery

Question 3

lies in the posterior
interventricular sulcus; supplies
the walls of the ventricles with oxygenated blood

Answer 3

posterior interventricular branch

Question 4

located in the coronary sulcus

on the posterior surface of the heart; receives most of the deoxygenated blood from the myocardium

Answer 4

coronary sinus

Question 5

lies in the coronary sulcus; supplies oxygenated blood to the walls of the right ventricle

Answer 5

marginal branch

Question 6

lies in the coronary sulcus;
drains the right atrium and
right ventricle

Answer 6

small cardiac vein

Question 7

major branch from the ascend-
ing aorta; lies inferior to the
right auricle

Answer 7

right coronary artery

Question 8

lies in the posterior
interventricular sulcus; drains
the right and left ventricles

Answer 8

middle cardiac vein

Question 9

lies in the anterior
interventricular sulcus;
supplies oxygenated blood to
the walls of both ventricles

Answer 9

anterior interventricular branch (left anterior descending artery)

Question 10

lies in the anterior interventricular sulcus; drains the walls of
both ventricles and the left
atrium

Answer 10

great cardiac vein

Question 11

lies in the coronary sulcus;
supplies oxygenated blood to
the walls of the left ventricle
and left atrium

Answer 11

circumflex branch

Question 12

drain the right ventricle and
open directly into the right
atrium

Answer 12

anterior cardiac veins

Question 13

indicates ventricular repolarization

Answer 13

T wave

Question 14

represents the time from the

beginning of ventricular depolarization to the end of ventricular repolarization

Answer 14

Q-T interval

Question 15

Represents atrial depolarization

Answer 15

P wave

Question 16

represents the time when the

ventricular contractile fibers are fully depolarized; occurs during the plateau phase of the action potential

Answer 16

S-T segment

Question 17

represents the onset of ventricular depolarization

Answer 17

QRS complex

Question 18

represents the conduction time from the beginning of atrial excitation to the beginning of ventricular excitation

Answer 18

P-Q interval

Question 19

collects oxygenated blood from

the pulmonary circulation

Answer 19

left atrium

Question 20

pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation

Answer 20

right ventricle

Question 21

their contraction pulls on and tightens the chordae tendineae, preventing the valve cusps from everting

Answer 21

papillary muscles

Question 22

cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 22

myocardium

Question 23

increase blood-holding capacity

of the atria

Answer 23

auricles

Question 24

tendonlike cords connected to

the atrioventricular valve cusps which, along with the papillary muscles, prevent valve eversion

Answer 24

chordae tendineae

Question 25

the superficial dense irregular connective tissue covering of the heart

Answer 25

fibrous pericardium

Question 26

outer layer of the serous pericardium; is fused to the fibrous pericardium

Answer 26

parietal pericardium

Question 27

endothelial cells lining the interior of the heart; are continuous with the endothelium of the blood vessels

Answer 27

endocardium

Question 28

pumps oxygenated blood to all body cells, except the air sacs of the lungs

Answer 28

left ventricle

Question 29

prevents backflow of

blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium

Answer 29

tricuspid valve

Question 30

collects deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation

Answer 30

right atrium

Question 31

left atrioventricular valve

Answer 31

bicuspid (mitral) valve

Question 32

the remnant of the foramen ovale,
an opening in the interatrial
septum of the fetal heart

Answer 32

fossa ovalis

Question 33

blood vessels that pierce the heart
muscle and supply blood to the
cardiac muscle fibers

Answer 33

coronary circulation

Question 34

grooves on the surface of the heart
which delineate the external
boundaries between the chambers

Answer 34

sulci

Question 35

prevent backflow of blood from the

arteries into the ventricles

Answer 35

semilunar valves

Question 36

the gap junction and desmosome
connections between individual
cardiac muscle fibers

Answer 36

intercalated discs

Question 37

internal wall dividing the chambers

of the heart

Answer 37

septum

Question 38

separate the upper and lower heart

chambers, preventing backflow of blood from the ventricles back into the atria

Answer 38

atrioventricular valves

Question 39

inner visceral layer of the pericardium; adheres tightly to the surface of the heart

Answer 39

epicardium

Question 40

ridges formed by raised bundles of cardiac muscle fibers

Answer 40

trabeculae carneae

Question 41

amount of blood contained in the ventricles at the end of ventricular relaxation

Answer 41

end-diastolic volume (EDV)

Question 42

period of time when cardiac muscle fibers are contracting and exerting force but not shortening

Answer 42

isovolumetric contraction

Question 43

amount of blood ejected per beat by each ventricle

Answer 43

stroke volume

Question 44

amount of blood remaining in the ventricles following ventricular contraction

Answer 44

end-systolic volume (ESV)

Question 45

difference between a person’s maximum cardiac output and cardiac output at rest

Answer 45

cardiac reserve

Question 46

period of time when semilunar valves are open and blood flows out of the ventricles

Answer 46

ventricular ejection

Question 47

period when all four valves are closed and ventricular blood volume does not change

Answer 47

isovolumetric relaxation and isovolumetric contraction