A&P 2 Exam 2

Question 1

What is the function of blood vessels? What are the three types of blood vessels? Which blood vessels have a “narrower lumen”? Thin tunica media and thick tunica externa?

Answer 1

• Blood vessels transport and distribute materials, like nutrients and oxygen throughout the body. Also, vessels transport wastes away for excretion.
• Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries.
• Arteries
• Veins

Question 2

Which vessel carries blood from the heart to the capillaries? Which vessel has more resilient and resistant changes in blood pressure? Which vessels are microscopic, but function in exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes between the blood and body cells? Which vessels’ wall collapses, if no blood is present? Which vessel transports blood from the capillaries to the heart?

Answer 2

• Arteries
• Arteries
• Capillaries
• Veins
• Veins

Question 3

What are the three tunics (blood vessel walls)? Which vessels possess thick or thin tunics? Which tunics are present in each vessel? What is the main component in capillaries? Are all tunics in living tissues? What are some main factors or functions that differ between the tunics?

Answer 3

• Tunica interna, media, and externa.
• Arteries have a thick tunica media due to large muscle.
• Veins have a thin tunica media and thick tunica externa.
• Capillaries have a thin wall, or tunica externa, to allow for rapid gas and nutrient exchange between blood and the tissues.
• Endothelial tissue.
• Tunica interna has an endothelial basement membrane, “endothelium”, and internal elastic lamina. Surrounds the lumen and is in direct contact with the blood.
• Tunica media possess smooth muscle fibers and external elastic lamina that allows for stretch and recoil of the lumen. Change of the lumen’s diameter is through vasocontriction and vasodilation.
• Tunica externa have elastic and collagen fibers that anchor the vessel to surrounding tissues.

Question 4

What is the vasa vasorum? What is vasocontriction and vasodilation? What system do they derive from? What are the two basic types of arteries? What are the main functions of these arteries? What are they innervated by? What are some examples from each artery?

Answer 4

• The vasa vasorum are made up of small arteries that require to supply very large vessels. “Feeds the cells or vessels”
• Vasoconstriction demonstrates an increased sympathetic stimuli, a tunica media made of smooth muscle that contracts, and a diameter of a vessel’s lumen that decreases.
• Vasodilation demonstrates decreased sympathetic stimuli, a tunica media made of smooth muscle that relaxes, and a diameter of a vessel’s lumen that increases.
• Autonomic Nervous System
• Elastic (conducting) arteries and muscular (distributing) arteries.
• Elastic arteries’ fibers allow the stretch during systole and recoil that propels blood during diastole. Propels blood onward, while ventricles are relaxing.
• Muscular arteries possess vasoconstriction and vasodilation to adjust blood flow, diameter, and blood pressure to various regions of the body.
• Sympathetic fibers of the ANS.
• Elastic arteries are large in diameter and consist of the aorta, pulmonary trunk, and common carotid.
• Muscular arteries are medium sized and consist of brachial arteries and coronary arteries.

Question 5

h

Answer 5

h

Question 6

l

Answer 6

l