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Derm/integumary System > A&P > Flashcards

A&P Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is the largest organ in the body?

A

The skin also known as the Cutaneous membrane.

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2
Q

What are the functions of the integumentary systems?

A
  • Regulates body temperature
  • stores blood
  • protects the body from the external environment
  • detects cutaneous sensations
  • Excretes and absorbs substances
  • Synthesizes Vitamin D
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3
Q

What are the two parts of the skin?

A
  • Epidermis and Dermis
  • Subcutaneous layer is not a part of it but adjacent.
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4
Q

What are the different types of tissue?

A
  • Connective
  • Muscular
  • Nervous
  • Epithelial
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5
Q

What is the epidermis compraised of?

A
  • Keratinocytes
  • Melanocytes
  • Intraepidermal macrophages/Langerhans Cells
  • Tactile epithelial cell/Merkel cells
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6
Q

What cell makes up 90% of epidermal cells?

A

Keratinocytes

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7
Q

What cell makes up 8% of epidermal cells?

A

Melanocytes

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8
Q

What cell produces Melanin?

A

Melanocytes

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9
Q

Intraepidermal macrophages/Langerhans Cells conduct what function?

A

Participate in the immune response to microbes that invaded the skin

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10
Q
  • Tactile epithelial cell/Merkel cells do what?
A

Detect touch sensations.

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11
Q

How many layers are located in thin skin and what are they?

A

4 from top to bottom they’re the following;
* Stratum Corneum
* Stratum Granulosum
* Stratum Spinosum
* Stratum Basale

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12
Q

The dermis is comprised of what regions and what’s the make up?

A
  • Papillary region 1/5
  • Reticular region 4/5
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13
Q

Where are the melanocytes and Intraepidermal macrophages/Langerhans Cells located?

A

Spinosum Region

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14
Q

What Stratum is located only within thick skin?

A

Lucidum Stratum

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15
Q

What are the three pigments that make up the basis of skin color?

A

Melanin
Hemoglobin (red)
Carotene (yellow-orange)

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16
Q

What are the two different forms of melanin and the difference?

A
  • Eumlanin- brown to black
  • Pheomelanin- yellow to red
17
Q

What are the stages of hair growth?

A
  • growth stage
  • regression stage
  • resting stage
18
Q

What is alopecia?

A

The partial or complete loss of hair as a result of genetic factors, aging, endocrine disorders, chemotherapy, or skin disease.

19
Q

What are the different types of hair?

A
  • Lanugo
  • Terminal hairs
  • Vellos Hairs
20
Q

Sweat from the eccrine sweat gland produces what?

A
  • Water
  • Urea
  • Uric Acid
  • Ammonia
  • amino acids
  • Glucose
  • Lactic acid
  • Ions/electrolytes (Sodium and chlorine)
21
Q

What structure of the skin is responsible for finger prints?

A

Epidermal ridges

22
Q

What are the functions of nails?

A
  • protect the distal end of the Digits
  • provide support and counter pressure to the Palmer surface of the fingers
  • allow us to grasp and manipulate small objects
23
Q

How does the skin regulate temperature?

A
  • Sweating
  • Adjusting the flow of blood I.e dilating and constricting
24
Q

What type of molecules can penetrate the skin?

A

Lipid soluble materials
This includes fat, soluble vitamins, certain drugs, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.

25
Q

How many types of skin are there and what are they?

A

2 they are the following;
* Thin
* Thick

26
Q

What are the different types of hair?

A
  • Terminal Hairs
  • Lanugo
  • Vellus Hairs
27
Q

What type of hair is short, fine, and pale that are barely visible to the naked eye?

A

Vellus hairs

28
Q

Prior to birth, the lanugo of the eyebrows, eyelashes, and scalp are shed and replaced by long, coarse, heavily pigmented hairs called what?

A

Terminal Hairs

29
Q

What are the different types of glands associated with the derm?

A
  • Sebacous (oil) Gland
  • Eccrine Sweat gland
  • Aoicrube Sweat gland
  • Ceruminous gland
30
Q

What is the function of the eccrine sweat gland?

A

Regulation of body temperature and waste removal

31
Q

What is the purpose of Cerumen?

A
  • Pervents entry of foreign objects
  • Waterproofs the ear canal
  • Prevents microbes from entering in the cells
32
Q

What are the phases of deep wound healing?

A
  • inflammatory phase
  • migratory phase
  • proliferative phase
  • Maturation phase
33
Q

What are the two types of wound healing?

A
  • Epidermal healing
  • Deep wound healing
34
Q

accumulation of sebum due to melanin and oxidized oil refers to what?

A

Blackheads

35
Q

Inflammation of sebaceous glands due to an increase in androgens efers to what?

A

Acne

36
Q

What is the nail comprised of?

A
  • Nail root
  • Eponychium
  • Lunula
  • Nail bed
  • Nail body
  • Hyponychium
  • Free Edge

Derm/integumary System (5 decks)

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