A load of random Cardio Stuff you should know by now

Question 1

In foetal life - the right atrium and left atrium are connected by what structure?

Answer 1

foramen ovale

Question 2

An atrial septal defect allows the shunting of blood between the

Answer 2

right and left atrium

Question 3

Examples beta blocker drugs

Answer 3

atenolol

propranalol

Question 4

What are beta blockers commonly used to treat?

Answer 4

angina

post MI

heart failure

arrhythmias

hypertension

anxiety

Question 5

Digoxin uses

Answer 5

atrial fibrillation

heart failure

Question 6

Pleural effusions can be either transudate or exudate according to their protein concentration.

transudate is

exudate is

Answer 6

<30g/L

> 30g/L

Question 7

Pleural effusion

Answer 7

water on the lungs

fluid in the layers of the pleura

Question 8

Transudate is common in …

Answer 8

heart failure

hypothydroism

Question 9

exudate is common in

Answer 9

infection

connective tissue disease

pulmonary embolism

lung cancer

Question 10

Pleural effusion symptoms

Answer 10

SOB

Cough

chest pain

Question 11

hyperventilation is followed by a small spell of

Answer 11

apnoea

stop breathing

Question 12

Muscles of inspiration and expiration are ….. muscles that are under …… control

Answer 12

skeletal

voluntary

Question 13

Doral-respiratory group in the medulla co-ordinates the contraction of the

Answer 13

diaphragm

Question 14

most potent regulator of ventilation is the

Answer 14

chemical changes in arterial blood

Question 15

central chemoreceptors are found in the medulla and respond to alteration in

Answer 15

PCO2

Question 16

peripheral chemoreceptors are found in the

Answer 16

aortic and carotid bodies

Question 17

peripheral chemoreceptors respond to changes in

Answer 17

PO2 and pH

Question 18

central chemoreceptors can respond to a change in H+ in the

Answer 18

CSF to increase ventilation

Question 19

hypoventialion

acid or alkalosis

Answer 19

acidosis

Question 20

hyperventilation

acid or alkalosis

Answer 20

alkalosis

Question 21

NO can be a bad sedative to use as it blunts the

Answer 21

peripheral chemoreceptor response to falling PO2

Question 22

emphysema will do what to elasticity?

Answer 22

decrease it

Question 23

emphysema will do what to compliance?

Answer 23

increase it

Question 24

Boyles law

Answer 24

the pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to its volume

Question 25

transpulmonary pressure is the

Answer 25

difference between alveolar and fintrapleural pressure

Question 26

PO2 in air is usually

Answer 26

160mmHg

Question 27

PO2 in alveolar air is usually

Answer 27

100mmHg

Question 28

PO2 in mixed venous blood is usually

Answer 28

40mmHg

Question 29

PO2 in mixed venous blood is usually

Answer 29

40mmHg

Question 30

Law of Laplace equation

Answer 30

pressure is 2 times surface area over radius

Question 31

surfactant will do what to lung compliance?

Answer 31

increase it

Question 32

surfactant will do what to lung recoil?

Answer 32

decrease it