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Yr1 - S2 - Formatives > A load of random Cardio Stuff you should know by now > Flashcards

A load of random Cardio Stuff you should know by now Flashcards

1
Q

In foetal life - the right atrium and left atrium are connected by what structure?

A

foramen ovale

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2
Q

An atrial septal defect allows the shunting of blood between the

A

right and left atrium

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3
Q

Examples beta blocker drugs

A

atenolol

propranalol

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4
Q

What are beta blockers commonly used to treat?

A

angina

post MI

heart failure

arrhythmias

hypertension

anxiety

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5
Q

Digoxin uses

A

atrial fibrillation

heart failure

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6
Q

Pleural effusions can be either transudate or exudate according to their protein concentration.

transudate is

exudate is

A

<30g/L

> 30g/L

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7
Q

Pleural effusion

A

water on the lungs

fluid in the layers of the pleura

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8
Q

Transudate is common in …

A

heart failure

hypothydroism

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9
Q

exudate is common in

A

infection

connective tissue disease

pulmonary embolism

lung cancer

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10
Q

Pleural effusion symptoms

A

SOB

Cough

chest pain

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11
Q

hyperventilation is followed by a small spell of

A

apnoea

stop breathing

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12
Q

Muscles of inspiration and expiration are ….. muscles that are under …… control

A

skeletal

voluntary

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13
Q

Doral-respiratory group in the medulla co-ordinates the contraction of the

A

diaphragm

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14
Q

most potent regulator of ventilation is the

A

chemical changes in arterial blood

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15
Q

central chemoreceptors are found in the medulla and respond to alteration in

A

PCO2

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16
Q

peripheral chemoreceptors are found in the

A

aortic and carotid bodies

17
Q

peripheral chemoreceptors respond to changes in

A

PO2 and pH

18
Q

central chemoreceptors can respond to a change in H+ in the

A

CSF to increase ventilation

19
Q

hypoventialion

acid or alkalosis

20
Q

hyperventilation

acid or alkalosis

21
Q

NO can be a bad sedative to use as it blunts the

A

peripheral chemoreceptor response to falling PO2

22
Q

emphysema will do what to elasticity?

A

decrease it

23
Q

emphysema will do what to compliance?

A

increase it

24
Q

Boyles law

A

the pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to its volume

25
Q

transpulmonary pressure is the

A

difference between alveolar and fintrapleural pressure

26
Q

PO2 in air is usually

27
Q

PO2 in alveolar air is usually

28
Q

PO2 in mixed venous blood is usually

29
Q

PO2 in mixed venous blood is usually

30
Q

Law of Laplace equation

A

pressure is 2 times surface area over radius

31
Q

surfactant will do what to lung compliance?

A

increase it

32
Q

surfactant will do what to lung recoil?

A

decrease it

Yr1 - S2 - Formatives (6 decks)

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