A-LEVEL PHYSICS: Introductory: Charge & Current Flashcards
There are Many Different Types of ___ in the Universe.
Particles.
Each Type of Particle has Certain ___. Such as: (2)
Properties. eg:
-Mass.
-Charge.
Charge Comes in 2 Forms: (2)
-Positive Charge (+)
-Negative Charge (-)
Electric Charge (Q) is a ___ Quantity.
Physical.
Electrical Charge (Q) Can be ___. Hence, it has a ___ ___ & ___.
Measured. Numerical Value, Unit.
What is the Unit of ‘Charge’?
Coulomb, Q.
What are ‘Charged Atoms’ Called?
Ions.
When do Atoms Become Ions?
Atoms Become Ions (become Charged) when they either Gain or Lose Electrons, giving them either an Overall - or + Charge Respectively.
What is the ‘Law of Conservation of Charge’?
The Law of Conservation of Charge:
The Net Charge in a System Remains Constant, Provided Charge Cannot Enter or Leave the System.
What is ‘Elementary Charge’?
The Elementary Charge (denoted as e) is the Smallest Unit of Electric charge that is considered Indivisible in most practical cases. It is the Charge Carried by a Single Proton (Positive Charge) or a Single Electron (Negative Charge). The value of the Elementary Charge is approximately:
e = 1.602 x10^-19 C
What happens when an Atom Loses 2 Electrons?
When an Atom Loses 2 Electrons, it Becomes an Ion with a (Positive) Charge of +2.
What happens when an Atom Gains 2 Electrons?
When an Atom Gains 2 Electrons, it Becomes an Ion with a (Negative) Charge of -2.
Any Object may have a…
Charge.
Charge is Never ___ Nor ___.
Created, Destroyed.
Like Charges ___. Opposite Charges ___.
Repel, Attract.
Loss or Gain of Electrons may Occur if…
Energy is Supplied to the Atom.
Current = …
Charge / Time
What is ‘Electric Current’?
Electric Current is the Rate of Flow of Charge in a Wire or Component.
What is ‘Conventional Current’?
Conventional Current is the Flow of Positive Electric Charge. In an Electrical Circuit, it is defined as the Direction in which Positive Charges would Move, from the Positive Terminal to the Negative Terminal of a Power Source, like a Battery.
Charge = …
Current * Time
As the Temperature in a Semiconductor Increases, what happens?
As the Temperature in a Semiconductor Increases, Electrons are ‘Released’ from their Fixed Positions. (eg in Metallic Structures).
Charge = …
n * e
Number of Electrons Transferred * Charge of a Single Electrons (Elementary Charge)(1.690 x10^-19 C)
What is a ‘Semiconductor’?
A Semiconductor is a Material which has a Conductivity between that of Conductors (eg Metals) and Non-Conductors/Insulators
