A-LEVEL PHYSICS: Introductory: Charge & Current

Question 1

There are Many Different Types of ___ in the Universe.

Answer 1

Particles.

Question 2

Each Type of Particle has Certain ___. Such as: (2)

Answer 2

Properties. eg:

-Mass.

-Charge.

Question 3

Charge Comes in 2 Forms: (2)

Answer 3

-Positive Charge (+)

-Negative Charge (-)

Question 4

Electric Charge (Q) is a ___ Quantity.

Answer 4

Physical.

Question 5

Electrical Charge (Q) Can be ___. Hence, it has a ___ ___ & ___.

Answer 5

Measured. Numerical Value, Unit.

Question 6

What is the Unit of ‘Charge’?

Answer 6

Coulomb, Q.

Question 7

What are ‘Charged Atoms’ Called?

Answer 7

Ions.

Question 8

When do Atoms Become Ions?

Answer 8

Atoms Become Ions (become Charged) when they either Gain or Lose Electrons, giving them either an Overall - or + Charge Respectively.

Question 9

What is the ‘Law of Conservation of Charge’?

Answer 9

The Law of Conservation of Charge:

The Net Charge in a System Remains Constant, Provided Charge Cannot Enter or Leave the System.

Question 10

What is ‘Elementary Charge’?

Answer 10

The Elementary Charge (denoted as e) is the Smallest Unit of Electric charge that is considered Indivisible in most practical cases. It is the Charge Carried by a Single Proton (Positive Charge) or a Single Electron (Negative Charge). The value of the Elementary Charge is approximately:

e = 1.602 x10^-19 C

Question 11

What happens when an Atom Loses 2 Electrons?

Answer 11

When an Atom Loses 2 Electrons, it Becomes an Ion with a (Positive) Charge of +2.

Question 12

What happens when an Atom Gains 2 Electrons?

Answer 12

When an Atom Gains 2 Electrons, it Becomes an Ion with a (Negative) Charge of -2.

Question 13

Any Object may have a…

Answer 13

Charge.

Question 14

Charge is Never ___ Nor ___.

Answer 14

Created, Destroyed.

Question 15

Like Charges ___. Opposite Charges ___.

Answer 15

Repel, Attract.

Question 16

Loss or Gain of Electrons may Occur if…

Answer 16

Energy is Supplied to the Atom.

Question 17

Current = …

Answer 17

Charge / Time

Question 18

What is ‘Electric Current’?

Answer 18

Electric Current is the Rate of Flow of Charge in a Wire or Component.

Question 19

What is ‘Conventional Current’?

Answer 19

Conventional Current is the Flow of Positive Electric Charge. In an Electrical Circuit, it is defined as the Direction in which Positive Charges would Move, from the Positive Terminal to the Negative Terminal of a Power Source, like a Battery.

Question 20

Charge = …

Answer 20

Current * Time

Question 21

As the Temperature in a Semiconductor Increases, what happens?

Answer 21

As the Temperature in a Semiconductor Increases, Electrons are ‘Released’ from their Fixed Positions. (eg in Metallic Structures).

Question 22

Charge = …

Answer 22

n * e

Number of Electrons Transferred * Charge of a Single Electrons (Elementary Charge)(1.690 x10^-19 C)

Question 23

What is a ‘Semiconductor’?

Answer 23

A Semiconductor is a Material which has a Conductivity between that of Conductors (eg Metals) and Non-Conductors/Insulators