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Art History > A/HI 240 EXAM 1 > Flashcards

A/HI 240 EXAM 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was this building called?

A

The Crystal Palace

Joseph Paxton, 1851

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2
Q

What event was held in the Crystal Palace in 1851?

A

The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations

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3
Q

What is this building?

A

Wieskirche

(Weis Church)

Zimmermann, Bavaria

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4
Q

What is this piece?

A

Portrait of Louis XIV

Hyacinthe Rigaud

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5
Q

What is this piece?

A

The Gracious Shepherd

François Boucher

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6
Q

What is this piece?

A

The Secret Meeting

From Jean Fragonard’s Progress of Love series

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7
Q

What is this piece?

A

Saying Grace

Jean-Baptiste Chardin

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8
Q

What is this piece?

A

Portrait of Madame de Pompadour

Maurice de La Tour

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9
Q

What is this piece?

A

Caricature of La Font de Saint-Yenne

Claude-Henri Watelet

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10
Q

What is this piece?

A

The Seller of Cupids

Joseph-Marie Vien

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11
Q

What is this piece?

A

Parnassus

Anton Raphael Mengs

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12
Q

What is this piece?

A

Zeuxis Selecting Models for his Painting of Helen of Troy

Angelica Kauffman

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13
Q

What is this piece?

A

Cornelia, Mother of the Gracchi, Pointing to her Children as her Treasures

Angelica Kauffman

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14
Q

What is this piece?

A

Portrait of Marie Antoinette

Louis Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun

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15
Q

What is this piece?

A

Andromache Mourning Hector

Jacques-Louis David

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16
Q

What is this piece?

A

Death of Marat

Jacques-Louis David

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17
Q

What is this piece?

A

Oath of Haratii

Jacques-Louis David

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18
Q

What is this piece?

A

Oath of the Tennis Court

Jacques-Louis David

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19
Q

What is this piece?

A

Queen Marie Antoinette on the Way to the Scaffold

Jacques-Louis David

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20
Q

What was significant about the crystal palace?

A
  • Where the east and west first met?
  • Nations came to show their culture to one another
  • A architectural materials: glass and iron
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21
Q

What are important details about this Portrait of Louis XIV by Riguad?

A
  • Fleur de lili pattern symbolizes France = Louis XIV represents France
  • Located in Hall of Mirrors in Palais de Versailles = Sun King
  • Red shoes to show off legs, shows elitism
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22
Q

What does the Gracious Shepherd by François Boucher symbolize?

A
  • Escapist fantasy
  • Birdcage being given symbolizes moving out of Versailles
  • Lightheartedness associated with Rococo style
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23
Q

What is notable about Wieskirche?

A
  • Has a modest exterior, but exuberent interior
  • An architectural piece with rare complexity for it’s time
  • Classic example of Rococo architecture
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24
Q

What art period is The Secret Meeting by Fragonard from?

A

The Rococo Period

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25
Q

What is significant about Chardin’s piece Saving Grace?

A
  • Depicts quiet charm and subtlety
  • Limited narrative – mother watching little boy say prayers
26
Q

What did La Tour’s Portrait of Madame de Pompadour say about her?

A
  • Shows she’s associated with arts and education
  • Shows her worldly perspective
27
Q

What elements of Vien’s The Seller of Cupids makes it obvious that it is a Neoclassical piece?

A
  • Architecture
  • Clothing
  • Grid composition
28
Q

What art movement is Mengs’ Parnassus from?

A

Neoclassical

29
Q

What is the story behind Kauffman’s painting Cornelia, Mother of Gracchi, Pointing to her Children as Treasures?

A

A noblewoman came to Cornelia’s home asking to see her treasures and Cornelia pointed to her sons who latr become important political figures.

Represents putting the states above riches.

30
Q

What is the story behind David’s Oath of the Horatii?

A
  • Comissioned by Louis XVI to promote patriotism
  • Told story of battle between Rome and Alba – sons had to go to war.
  • Popular story from 1600s
  • Represented the idea that if the sons had to devote themselves to their father, subjects should devote themselves to the kind
  • Ended up being the first painting of the revolution
31
Q

Why was David’s The Oath of the Tennis Court never completed?

A
  • Most models were dead or disgraced by the time painting started
  • It caused too much political tension
32
Q

What historical moment does David’s The Oath of the Tennis Court illustrate?

A
  • National Assembly locked out of planned meeting place on June 20th
  • Turned into Consititutional Assembly and vow not to leave the Tennis Court until a new constitution is drawn up
33
Q

David’s drawing, Queen Marie Antoinette on the Way to the Scaffold, contrasts with what artists beautiful paintings of Marie Antoinette and illustrates her fall?

A

Vigée-Lebrun

34
Q

How is the term modern used?

A

Modern is used to portray history as a linear timeline with a past, present, and future

35
Q

When is the modern period?

A

from the Renaissance to the Present

when record-keeping began

36
Q

What does modernity mean?

A

Modernity is a concept tied to the Industrial Revolution when cultural values begin to change.

37
Q

What shifts happened in modernity?

A
  • Political
  • Technological
  • Trans/Cross-Cultural Exchange
  • Economic
  • Social and Cultural
38
Q

What was the POLITICAL shift of modernity?

A

A shift from feudal and monarchy run states to capitalism and a highly regulative, secretive state (police and government).

39
Q

What was the ECONOMIC shift of modernity?

A

A shift from artisan and guild production run houses to factory production and department stores.

40
Q

What was the TECHNOLOGICAL shift of modernity?

A

A shift from manual labor to machine labor.

41
Q

What was the CROSS-CULTURAL EXCHANGE shift of modernity?

A

Travel to foreign countries expand and colonialism rises.

42
Q

What was the SOCIAL and CULTURAL shift of modernity?

A

The rise of the metropolis and the development of urban leisure activities (music halls, cabarets, bars and shops).

43
Q

Modernity is tied to the philosophies of what time period?

A

The Enlightenment

44
Q

What were the three mandates of the French Academy?

A
  1. To teach skills, history, theory, and aesthetics
  2. To uphold and regulate artistic standards
  3. To uplift cultural attitudes toward the arts
45
Q

What was a Salon?

A

An event that occured every two years where Academy students would show their art to get commissions.

46
Q

What was the Prix de Rome?

A

The prize that an Academy student would win at the Salon.

2-3 year long trip to Rome to study art.

47
Q

What does revival refer to in relation to the Enlightenment?

A

The revival of Greek and Roman philosophies with a modern emphasis on the power of direct observation.

48
Q

How did the guild system work?

A

Aspiring artists or craftsmen apprenticed at a guild to learn a trade from the bottom up.

Does not teach theory or history, just how to do it.

49
Q

What are the three levels of the guild system?

A

Apprentice, Journeyman, Master

50
Q

Which artistic movement is noted as being a vehicle for the Enlightenment?

A

Neoclassism

Especially relating to ideas of rationalism and reason

51
Q

What quote became the central idea of the Enlightenment?

A

“I think, therefore I am”

52
Q

Which Enlightenment philosopher coined the quote “I think, therefore I am”

A

Rene Descartes

53
Q

What great minds are central to the Enlightenment?

A

Voltaire

Jean d’Alembert

Denis Diderot

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Thomas Jefferson

Benjamin Franklin

Immanuel Kant

54
Q

What three types of groups were a part of the Estates General?

A
  • Clergy
  • Nobility
  • Third Estate (Commoners)
55
Q

What did the Estates General change their name to on June 17th, 1789?

A

The National Assembly

56
Q

What did the National Assembly change their name to when they were writing the new consititution?

A

The Constitutional Assembly

57
Q

When was the storming of Bastille which is now a French National Holiday?

A

July 14th, 1789

58
Q

What was Madame Tussaud’s claim to fame?

A

Artist who made wax death masks of almost everyone who was sent to death on the guillotines

59
Q

Who killed Marat?

A

Charlotte Corday

60
Q

How can the element of space be shown in art?

A
  • Overlapping objects
  • Relative size
  • Linear perspective
  • Atmospheric perspective
61
Q
A
62
Q
A

Art History (2 decks)

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