A Guide to Egg Quality pt. 3 Flashcards
What happens to the egg in increased egg age?
● CO2 and H2O effuse
● Albumen pH changes from 7.6 to 9.0
● Yolk pH changes from 6.0 to 6.5
● Reduced albumen height
● Reduced yolk membrane strength
What are the effects of prolonged storage?
● Loss in hatchability
● Need for extra incubation hours
● Decline in specific gravity
● Weight loss (+/- 0.05% per day)
● Chick quality - fewer viable chicks
● Mortality - increased 7-day mortality
● Reduced performance
What are the following techniques to minimized losses from increased egg age.
- Turning eggs in storage
- Use of ‘buggy bags’(covering eggs with plastic bags) to minimize gas exchange
- Storing eggs upside down
- Flushing eggs with nitrogen in sealed bags/boxes
- High CO2 during storage
- Low O2 during storage
- Lower storage temperatures
- Slow warming profile at the start of incubation
- Heat treatment of hatching eggs during storage
T/F: The avian embryo has anatomical connection to the hen, hence it gets it nutrients from the hen.
False, the avian embryo has no connection to the hen, all of its nutritive requirements, except oxygen, must be contained within the egg.
Enumerate the following temporary organs of the egg.
- Yolk sac
- Amnion
- Allantois
- Chorion
T/F: Cracked eggs inside the incubator might burst.
True
This organ supplies food material to the embryo.
Yolk sac
This organ forms a sac that is filled with fluid in which the embryo floats.
Amnion
Which organ provides a “shock-absorbing environment”?
Amnion
This organ serves as a respiratory organ, gets minerals from the shell, and handles waste.
Allantois
This organ develops an extensive circulatory system connected to that of the embryo and is driven by the new embryonic heart.
Allantois
T/F: When the allantois is fully developed it surround only half the part of the embryo.
False, it completely surrounds the embryo.
What are the following functions of the allantois?
Respiratory - the developing embryo uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide (it respires). It is unable to carry out this function for itself and hence the allantois oxygenates the blood and eliminates carbon dioxide.
Excretory - it removes the wastes that result from the embryo’s metabolism and deposit it in the allantoic cavity.
Digestive - it provides the means for the embryo to access the albumen and the calcium of the shell.
This organ fuses the inner shell membrane to the allantois and helps the membrane carry out its functions.
Chorion
What day in incubation you usually see signs?
At day 3
