A few random points to know for the MCQ exam

Question 1

What is allodynia?

Answer 1

This is the condition whereby gentle stimuli produce intense pain.

Question 2

Changes in which ion concentration have the most pronounced effect on resting membrane potential?

Answer 2

Potassium. This is because the RMP is most similar to the equilibirum potential for potassium, and also because the membrane is permeable to potassium at rest.

Question 3

What happens to the action potential if the extracellular sodium concentration is reduced?

Answer 3

The size of the action potential decreases. There is little effect on the RMP.

Question 4

What are some other names for pseudocholinesterase? What is this enzyme’s function?

Answer 4

Also called non-specific cholinesterase, or butyrylcholinesterase, it breaks down ACh outside of the synapse.

Question 5

Name some circulating factors that cause arteriolar vasoconstriction.

Answer 5

Adrenaline (EXCEPT in skeletal muscle and liver)
Noradrenaline
ADH
Neuropeptide Y
Angiotensin II
Circulating Na-K-ATPase

Question 6

Name some circulating factors that cause arteriolar vasodilation.

Answer 6

Adrenaline (ONLY in skeletal muscle and liver)
Substance P
Histamine
ANP
VIP

Question 7

The Poiseuille-Hagen formula states that flow through a narrow tube is proportional to ________ and inversely proportional to _________.

Answer 7

Proportional to the pressure gradient, and the fourth power of the radius.
Inversely proportional to the viscosity and the length.

Question 8

The Poiseuille-Hagen formula states that resistance to flow through a narrow tube (with laminar flow) is propotional to _______ and inversely proportional to _______ .

Answer 8

Proportional to the viscosity and the length.

Inversely proportional to the fourth power of the radius.

Question 9

What is the approximate pH of pancreatic secretions?

Answer 9

7.5 - 8.0