Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

anatomy and phisology > a and p powerpoint 2 > Flashcards

a and p powerpoint 2 Flashcards

1
Q

the organization of the body:

A

whole human body, 11 body system, 60+ organs, 4 types of tissues, and trillions of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

muscular tissue:

A

movement of the skeleton.
ex: beating heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

connective tissue:

A

makes up bones, cartilage and blood.
it connects the organs together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

nervous tissues:

A

conducts electrical impulses through the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Epithelial tissue:

A

makes up the skin, internal lining of internal pathways, and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

nucleus

A

control center and contains genetic information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum:

A

synthesizes proteins and ships them all around the cell
can be smooth or rough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

mitochondria:

A

converts food into ATP; powerhouse of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Golgi apparatus:

A

transports materials around the cell in sacs called vesicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lysosomes:

A

breaks down waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

centrioles:

A

aid in cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

vacuoles:

A

stores nutrients and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what genetic material is found in a cell?

A

there are 46 chromosomes made of DNA found in the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the shape of DNA?

A

Double helix;twisted ladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the sides of the ladder are made up of:

A

sugar and phosphates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the middle of ladder is made up of:

A

nitrogen bases; adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adenine always goes with:

A

Thymine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cytosine always goes with:

A

guanine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A goes with T and C goes with G is called

A

base paring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

DNA is used to code for all ____ around the body

A

proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The two major processes on how to create proteins are

A

translation and transcription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Transcription is the process of converting ____ into ____

A

DNA into mRNA message

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The DNA template changes what base pairing?

A

When there is an “a” first then “u” will be paired not “t” but “t” will pair with “a” if “t” is first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

During translation ____ leave the nucleus to create proteins in the____

A

mRNA strands, ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

During translation ____ molecules bring in ____ ____ to match with ____ codons

A

tRNA, Amino acids, mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

During translation amino acids form a _____ chain that fold into a ____

A

polypeptide , protein

27
Q

When a cell grows
______, the
processes of
bringing in nutrients
and removing waste
become _______.

A

too large, inefficient

28
Q

To prevent cells from becoming too large, cells ____ on a regular ____

A

divide, cycle

29
Q

Mitosis is the period of division in _____ cells

A

somatic (body)

30
Q

Mitosis is the division of _____ and then _____

A

chromosomes,cytoplasm

31
Q

During mitosis ____ parent cell makes _____ _______ daughter cells

A

one, two identical

32
Q

Meiosis is the period of division in ___

A

sex cells (gametes)

33
Q

During meiosis ____ parent cell makes _____ ______daughter
cells

A

one, four different

34
Q

Cells need to move materials

A

in and out

35
Q

The cell membrane is a specialized, _______ ____ barrier. Only _____ substances can pass through.

A

semi-permeable, some

36
Q

______ of substances and _____ (the diffusion of
water) are both examples of _____ transport
processes.

A

Diffusion, osmosis, passive

37
Q

Passive transport means molecules move naturally from _____
concentration to _____ concentration, which does NOT require
_______.

A

high, low, energy

38
Q

In facilitated diffusion larger molecules need to be _____ across the membrane by ______ made of protein

A

helped, channels

39
Q

Active transport moves molecules from _____ concentration to _____ concentration. Because this is the opposite of the natural process, it does require ______

A

low, high, energy

40
Q

there are two main types of active transport:

A

exocytosis, endocytosis

41
Q

endocytosis:

A

into the cell

42
Q

exocytosis:

A

out of the cell

43
Q

homeostasis is the way that they body stays _____ on the inside and out

A

balanced

44
Q

negative feedback loops are more common in the body and are _____ changes in the body to keep the body in balance

A

reducing

45
Q

positive feedback loops are rare and drive the body _____ ____ from balance

A

further away

46
Q

Childbirth and vomiting are a common example of

A

positive feedback loops

47
Q

blood sugar regulation and temperature regulation are examples of :

A

negative feedback loops

48
Q

what is the process of the homeostatic feedback mechanism?

A

a stimulus is recognized by the receptor that sends information to the control center through an afferent pathway. Then the control center sends a signal to the effector through an efferent pathway to keep the body in balance.

49
Q

negative feedback loops:

A

reduce/take away

50
Q

positive feedback loops

A

increasing

51
Q

afferent pathway=

A

away

52
Q

efferent pathways=

A

effector

53
Q

Homeostasis is important because:

A

without homeostasis our body does not have the ability to maintain what is necessary for human life.

54
Q

When a person says the cancer has metastasized that means the cells have

A

divided uncontrollably and have broken off and are traveling around the body

55
Q

the principle of complementarity is the _____ of a cell is dependent on the _______ of that cell

A

function, structure

56
Q

You can determine the function of a cell by its

A

structure

57
Q

totipotent is when a cell has the capability of developing into a _____ _____

A

complete organisim

58
Q

the single cell that has divided to form a ball of cells known as _____

A

blastocyst

59
Q

_____ cells are only able to create more of their own type

A

unipotent

60
Q

The ability to regulate the expression of certain genes is known as

A

epigenetics

61
Q

In _____ DNA is copied into mRNA

A

transcription

62
Q

In ______ mRNA is converted into proteins

A

translation

63
Q

why do cells need to divide?

A

the process of getting nutrients and removing waste becomes inefficient

anatomy and phisology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions