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anatomy and phisology > a and p powerpoint 1 > Flashcards

a and p powerpoint 1 Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy is the study of ______ of an organism

A

structure

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2
Q

physiology is the study of how an organism’s body ______

A

functions

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3
Q

the cells are the

A

smallest unit in all living things

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4
Q

tissues are

A

similar cells with a common function

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5
Q

organs are made up of

A

two or more types of tissues

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6
Q

a _____ is a group of organs working together towards a common goal

A

system

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7
Q

an organism is the

A

highest level of structural organization for an individual

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8
Q

the skeletal system function is to

A

provide support and protection. it also gives the body its shape

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9
Q

skeletal system organs

A

bones, ligaments, cartilage, and joints

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10
Q

the nervous system’s function is to

A

detect impulses from the senses and it’s also the control system

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11
Q

the nervous system organs

A

brain, spinal cord, nerves, and senses

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12
Q

the circulatory system’s function is to

A

transport nutrients and gases around the body

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13
Q

the circulatory system’s organs are

A

heart, blood vessels, and blood

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14
Q

the respiratory system’s function is to

A

exchange gases through oxygen and CO2

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15
Q

the major organs of the respiratory system are

A

lungs, sinuses, and diaphragm

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16
Q

the digestive system’s function is to

A

break down and absorb food

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17
Q

the major organs of the digestive system include

A

mouth,esophagus, stomach, liver, intestines, and gallbladder

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18
Q

the muscular system’s function is to

A

provide movement for all parts of the body

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19
Q

the major organs of the muscular system are

A

skeletal and smooth muscles

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20
Q

integumentary system’s function is to

A

protect the body, regulate its temperature, and to prevent water loss

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21
Q

the major organs of the integumentary system are

A

skin, hair, nails

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22
Q

the lymphatic system’s function is to

A

fight off infections and provide fluid for cells

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23
Q

the major organs of the lymphatic system include

A

spleen, thymus gland, lymphatic vessels, and lymphnodes

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24
Q

the excretory system’s function is to

A

remove waste from the blood

25
Q

major organs of the excretory system

A

kidneys, bladder, ureter, and urethra

26
Q

the endocrine system’s function is to

A

secret hormones

27
Q

major organs of endocrine system are

A

thyroid, pituitary, adrenals, glands and pancreas, ovaries, testes

28
Q

the reproduction system’s function is to

A

create cells that are used in sexual reproduction

29
Q

the major organs in the reproductive system are

A

vagina, penis, ovaries, uterus, prostate glands, mammary glands, testes

30
Q

what are the first 4 necessary functions for life?

A

maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness, and digestion

31
Q

what are the last 4 functions necessary for life?

A

metabolism, excretion, reproduction, and growth

32
Q

maintaining boundaries definition

A

lets some substances in and keeps others out. example skin absorbs water and keeps pathogens out.

33
Q

movement definition

A

movement internally, digestive, and the ability to move through surroundings

34
Q

responsiveness definition

A

the ability to sense pain and reacting in different environments. example cutting finger with knife.

35
Q

metabolism definition

A

building larger molecules from small ones (anabolism) and breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones (catabolism)

36
Q

excretion def

A

removal of wastes. example sweat and urine

37
Q

growth def

A

increase in cell size and the body in general

38
Q

the 5 survival needs

A

nutrients, oxygen, normal body temperature, water, and normal atmospheric pressure

39
Q

normal atmospheric pressure def

A

provides appropriate gas exchange between lungs and environment

40
Q

what is anatomical position?

A

thumbs out and by your side with feet slightly apart while standing straight up. it is standard for medicine around the world

41
Q

directional terms help

A

anatomists compare the location of one body structure to another

42
Q

right and left are used from the

A

patients perspective not the viewers

43
Q

distal is

A

away from the center of the body. distal=distance

44
Q

proximal is

A

positioned near the center of the body. proximal=proximity

45
Q

medial is

A

close to the middle

46
Q

lateral is

A

to the side of the body or away from the middle of the body

47
Q

superior is

A

towards the head of the body or upper. also known as cranial

48
Q

inferior is

A

away from the head or lower. also known as caudal.

49
Q

anterior is

A

the front of the body structure. also known as ventral

50
Q

posterior is

A

the back of the body structure. also known as dorsal.

51
Q

deep is

A

away from the body’s surface. it is more internal

52
Q

superficial is

A

towards the body’s surface

53
Q

median(midsagittal) plane divides the body

A

through the midline. splits the body into two even parts on the left and the right. splits your left and right arm into two different parts

54
Q

frontal(coronal) plane divides the body into

A

two seperate anterior and posterior parts. cuts your butt and belly into two parts

55
Q

the transverse plane divides the body into

A

superior and inferior parts. splits the body at the waist. your head and your feet are in two different sections.

56
Q

The ventral body cavities are lined with a double-layered membrane called the _____.

A

serosa

57
Q

The inner layer is called the _____ _____

A

visceral serosa

58
Q

the outer layer is called the ____ ____

A

parietal serosa.

59
Q

between the parietal and the visceral serosa the fluid is called ____ ____

A

serous fluid

anatomy and phisology (8 decks)

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