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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

abandon

A

S : to give up, desert, forsake

A : retain unrestrained activity, exuberance

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2
Q

abase

A

to humiliate, scorn, belittle, degrade

A : exalt, cherish

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3
Q

abate

A

to lessen, to subside

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4
Q

abbreviate

A

to shorten, abridge, condense

A : expand, prolong

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5
Q

abdicate

A

to give up formally, resign, renounce

A: retain, uphold

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6
Q

abdication

A

giving up control;authority

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7
Q

aberration

A

straying away from what is normal

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8
Q

abet

A

to assist (normally a crime), conspire, connive

A: dissuade, deter

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9
Q

abhor

A

to hate; to detest utterly; to consider with extreme repugnance

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10
Q

abide

A

be faithful, to endure

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11
Q

abjure

A

promise / swear to give up

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12
Q

ablution

A

washing

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13
Q

abridgement

A

a short summary, outline, abbreviation, abstract

A: enlargement, expansion

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14
Q

abscond

A
  • to go away suddenly (to avoid arrest)

- depart secretly and hide

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15
Q

abstruse

A

difficult to comprehend; obscure

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16
Q

abysmal

A
  • extremely bad

- bottomless

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17
Q

abyss

A

a bottomless pit, anything to deep to measure, chasm

A: summit, elevation

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18
Q

accede

A

agree to, assent, concur

A: refuse, dissent

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19
Q

acclaimed

A

welcomed with shouts and approval

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20
Q

accost

A

to approach and speak to, greet

A: shun, avoid

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21
Q

avail

A

use or take advantage of (an opportunity or available resource)

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22
Q

acquit

A

to clear (a person) of a charge

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23
Q

acrid

A

sharp (as in speech)

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24
Q

acrimony

A
  • bitterness or harshness of speech or manner

- stinging; caustic; bitter in words or manner; N. acrimony: bitter ill-natured animosity in speech or behavior

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25
Q

acronym

A

word formed from initial letters of a group of words

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26
Q

acumen

A

keenness mind, insight

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27
Q

adage

A

an old saying, proverb

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28
Q

addle

A

to become rotten; to become confused

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29
Q

adduce

A

to offer as example, reason or proof

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30
Q

adjudicate

A

to settle judicially

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31
Q

adjure

A

to beg, appeal

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32
Q

admonish

A

to warn, reprove mildly, censure, rebuke

A: applaud, praise, compliment

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33
Q

admonitory

A

containing warning

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34
Q

ado

A

fuss, trouble, bustle, commotion

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35
Q

adulteration

A

making impure, poorer in quality

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36
Q

advent

A

an arrival, coming

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37
Q

adventitious

A
  • accidental; casual; happening by chance

- coming from another source not innate/native

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38
Q

aeon

A

eternity, immeasurable period

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39
Q

affable

A

polite, friendly

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40
Q

affinity

A

close connection, relationship

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41
Q

affirm

A

to declare positively, to confirm, assert, declare, assure

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42
Q

agape

A

the mouth open wide with surprise

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43
Q

aggravate

A

make worse, irritate

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44
Q

agile

A

active, quick moving

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45
Q

agog

A

highly excited; intensely curious

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46
Q

ail

A

trouble; be ill

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47
Q

alacrity

A

eager and cheerful readiness

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48
Q

alcove

A

recess; partially enclosed place

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49
Q

alienate

A

cause to make unfriendly, to distance oneself, estrange,

A: familiarise

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50
Q

allay

A

to calm, quieten, soothe, pacify

A: agitate, kindle

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51
Q

allegiance

A

duty, support, loyalty

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52
Q

alleviate

A

make (pain) easier to bear

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53
Q

allure

A

to tempt with something desirable, lure, inveigle

A: repel, deter, discourage

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54
Q

aloof

A

reserved, indifferent

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55
Q

amalgamate

A

mix, combine, unite

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56
Q

ambiguous

A

doubtful; uncertain

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57
Q

amble

A

walking at an easy unhurried pace; V: walk slowly and aimlessly,
leisurely walk

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58
Q

amiable

A

good natured, gentle, pleasing, charming

A: sullen, churlish, quarrelsome

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59
Q

amicable

A

friendly, peaceful

A: warlike, argumentative

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60
Q

amnesia

A

partial or total loss of memory

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61
Q

analogy

A

similarity in some way

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62
Q

anarchy

A

absence of government, political disorder

A: order; discipline

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63
Q

ancillary

A

helping, subordinate

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64
Q

anguish

A

severe suffering

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65
Q

animosity

A

feeling of strong dislike,enmity, hostility, rancour, animus

A: amiability, friendliness

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66
Q

annihilate

A

to destroy completely

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67
Q

annuity

A

fixed sum paid every year

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68
Q

annul

A

to do away with, enforce

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69
Q

anoint

A

to put oil on as a ceremony

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70
Q

anomaly

A

departure from the usual, abnormality

A: normality

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71
Q

anon

A

soon, shortly

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72
Q

apiary

A

a place where bees are kept

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73
Q

appease

A

make quite or calm

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74
Q

appraise

A

to assess the value, evaluate, assess

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75
Q

apprehensive

A

unhappy feeling about future; anxious

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76
Q

apprise

A

to give notice; inform

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77
Q

arcane

A

secret, mysterious

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78
Q

articulate

A

to express oneself in words clearly; speak distinctly, connect by joints

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79
Q

ascend

A

go or come up

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80
Q

ascendancy

A

dominance

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81
Q

ascertain

A

get to know

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82
Q

ashen

A

of the pale gray colour of ash, very pale with shock/fear or illness, of or resembling ashes

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83
Q

asterisk

A

a star shaped symbol (*)

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84
Q

astringent

A

substance that sink

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85
Q

atonement

A

repayment; death of jesus; make amends

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86
Q

attune

A

bring into harmony

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87
Q

audacious

A

daring, foolishly bold, impudent

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88
Q

august

A

respected and impressive, majestic; venerable

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89
Q

auspicious

A

favourable, conducive to success, prosperous

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90
Q

austere

A

severely moral and strict; simple and plain

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91
Q

auxiliary

A

helping, supporting

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92
Q

aver

A

affirm; assert; prove; justify

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93
Q

aversion

A

strong dislike or disinclination

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94
Q

avid

A

eager, having or showing eager desire for somthing

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95
Q

avow

A

assert, admit, declare, confess openly

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96
Q

abeyance

A

suspended action, temporary inactivity, cessation

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97
Q

abject

A

(of a condition) wretched; as low as possible; lacking pride; very humble; showing lack of self- respect; Ex. abject apology

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98
Q

abnegation

A

renunciation; self-sacrifice; self-abnegation

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99
Q

abortive

A

unsuccessful; fruitless

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100
Q

abrasive

A

rubbing away; tending to grind down

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101
Q

abrogate

A

abolish

102
Q

abscission

A

cutting off; separation

103
Q

absolute

A

complete; totally unlimited; having complete power; certain; not relative; Ex. absolute honesty/ruler; CF. absolutism

104
Q

absolve

A

pardon (an offense)

105
Q

abstain

A

refrain; withhold from participation; intention-

ally not use one’s vote

106
Q

abstemious

A

sparing in eating and drinking; temperate

107
Q

abut

A

border upon; adjoin

108
Q

acclaim

A

applaud; praise; greet with great approval; an- nounce with great approval; Ex. The new drung has been acclaimed as the most important discoveries for years; N: strong expression of approval and praise

109
Q

acclivity

A

sharp upslope of a hill; OP. declivity

110
Q

accommodate

A

oblige or help someone; adjust or bring into harmony; adapt; make enough space for; ADJ. ac- commodative; CF. accomodating: helpful and obliging

111
Q

accord

A

agreement

112
Q

accoutre

A

equip; N. accoutrement

113
Q

acerbity

A

bitterness of speech and temper; ADJ. acerbic: bitter; acrid (in taste, manner, or tone)

114
Q

acidulous

A 
slightly sour (in taste or manner); sharp;
caustic
115
Q

acme

A

peak; pinnacle; highest point

116
Q

actuate

A

motivate; activate; cause to act

117
Q

acuity

A

sharpness (of mind or senses of sight or hearing)

118
Q

acute

A

(of the senses) sharp; quickly perceptive; keen; penetrating; brief and severe; Ex. acute sense of smell/analysis/pain

119
Q

addendum

A

addition; appendix to book; something that is added (as at the end of a speech or book)

120
Q

adept

A

expert at; very skilled

121
Q

adhere

A

stick fast; be a devotd follower; N. adhesion: ad-

hering; devotion; loyality

122
Q

adjunct

A

something attached to but holding an inferior position

123
Q

adjuration

A

solemn urging; V. adjure: entreat earnestly; enjoin solemnly

124
Q

adjutant

A

staff officer assisting the commander; assistant

125
Q

adulation

A

flattery; admiration that is more than is nec-

essary or deserved

126
Q

adorn

A

decorate

127
Q

aegis

A

shield; protection; defense

128
Q

affliction

A

state of distress; trial; cause of distress or suf- fering; V. afflict: inflict grievous suffering on

129
Q

affluence

A

abundance; wealth

130
Q

agglomeration

A

collection; heap; V. agglomerate: gather into a rounded mass; N. aggolmeate: jumbled mass; heap

131
Q

aghast

A

filled with great surprise or fear; horrified

132
Q

agitate

A

stir up; disturb

133
Q

alias

A

an assumed name esp. by a criminal (usually to mislead people); ADV. alias

134
Q

alimony

A

payments made regularly to an ex-spouse after

divorce

135
Q

allegory

A

story, play, or picture in which characters are used as symbols; fable

136
Q

altruistic

A

unselfishly generous; concerned for others; N. altiruism: unselfish concern for the welfare of others; unselfishness; OP. egoism

137
Q

ambidextrous

A

capable of using either hand with equal ease

138
Q

ambivalence

A

the state of having contradictory or con- flicting emotional attitudes or opinions

139
Q

ambrosia

A

food of the gods

140
Q

ambulatory

A

able to walk

141
Q

amend

A

correct; change ; generally for the better

142
Q

amnesty

A

pardon (allowed by government to political

criminals)

143
Q

amorous

A

moved by sexual love; loving; of sexual love; Ex. amorous advances

144
Q

amok(amuck)

A

in a state of rage; Ex. run amok

145
Q

amulet

A

charm;talisman;anobjectwornbelievedtopro- tect against evil, bad luck

146
Q

anachronism

A

an error involving time in a story; some- thing or someone misplaced in time; ADJ. anachronistic

147
Q

analgesic

A

causing insensitivity to pain; N.

analgesia condition of being unable to feel pain

148
Q

anathema

A

solemn curse; someone or something re-

garded as a curse; V. anathematize

149
Q

anecdote

A

short story of an amusing or interesting event

150
Q

anguish

A

acute pain; extreme suffering

151
Q

animus

A

hostile feeling or intent; animosity; hostility; disposition

152
Q

annex

A

attach; add to a large thing; take possession of; incorporate (territory) into a larger existing political unit (by force); N: building added to a large one

153
Q

anoint

A

consecrate; put oil on (in a religious ceremony)

154
Q

anomalous

A

abnormal; irregular

155
Q

antagonism

A

hostility; active opposition; V. antagonize: cause to become an enemy; N. antagonist: person who is opposed to another; opponent; adversary; principal character in oppostion to the protagonist

156
Q

antecedents

A

preceding events that

influence what comes later; ancestors or early background

157
Q

anthology

A

book of literary selections by various au- thors; CF. omnibus

158
Q

apathy

A

lackofcaring;indifference;lackofconcernorin- terest in important matters; Ex. He was sunk in apathy after his failure; ADJ. apathetic

159
Q

aphasia

A

loss of speech due to injury or illness

160
Q

aphorism

A

pithy maxim or saying; ADJ. aphoristic

161
Q

aplomb

A

poise; composure in difficult situations; assurance; self-confidence

162
Q

apocryphal

A

(of a story) widely believed but untrue

163
Q

apogee

A

highest point; the point farthest from the earth;

OP. perigee

164
Q

apologist

A

one who writes in defense of a cause or insti- tution; N. apologia

165
Q

apoplexy

A

stroke; loss of consciousness caused by too much blood in the brain

166
Q

apostate

A

one who abandons his religious faith or politi- cal beliefs; N. apostasy

167
Q

apothegm(apophthegm)

A

pithy, compact saying

168
Q

apotheosis

A

elevation to godhood; an ideal example of something

169
Q

appall

A

dismay; shock deeply

170
Q

apparition

A

ghost; phantom

171
Q

appellation

A

name; title

172
Q

apprehend

A

arrest (a criminal); dread; perceive; N. ap- prehension

173
Q

apprehensive

A

fearful; discerning

174
Q

approbation

A

approval

175
Q

appropriate

A

acquire; take possession of for one’s own use without permission; set aside for a particular pur- pose; allocate; CF. misappropriate

176
Q

appurtenances

A

subordinate possessions; something added to a more important thing

177
Q

apropos

A

with reference to; regarding; Ex. remarks apro- pos (of) the present situation; ADJ. ADV.

178
Q

arable

A

fit for growing crops; Ex. arable land

179
Q

arbiter

A

person with power to decide a matter in dis- pute; judge who is in a position ot make influential judg- ments; Ex. supreme arbiter of fashion in beach ware

180
Q

arbitrary

A

unreasonable or capricious; random; tyranni- cal; Ex. arbitrary ruler

181
Q

archipelago

A

group of closely located islands

182
Q

ardor

A

heat; passion; zeal; ADJ. ardent

183
Q

arduous

A

hard; strenuous; Ex. arduous work

184
Q

argot

A

slang; speech spoken by only a small group of people

185
Q

arraign

A

charge in court; indict

186
Q

array

A

marshal; draw up in order; arrange in order; clothe splendidly; adorn; N: fine clothes; ordered group; Ex. in battle array

187
Q

arrears

A

being in debt; money that should have been paid; work that should have been done

188
Q

artifice

A

deception; trickery

189
Q

ascendancy

A

controlling influence; position of control- ling influence; CF. in the ascendant

190
Q

ascetic

A

practicing self-denial; avoiding physical plea- sures and comforts; austere; Ex. ascetic life of Buddhist monks; N. asceticism

191
Q

asinine

A

stupid; Ex. asinine remarks

192
Q

askance

A

with a sideways or indirect look (with disap- proval or distruct); Ex. look askance at

193
Q

assay

A

analyze (to discover what materials are present);

evaluate (soil or ore)

194
Q

assert

A

state strongly or positively; demand recognition of (rights, claims, etc.); make a claim to (by forceful ac- tion); Ex. assert one’s independence

195
Q

assiduous

A

diligent

196
Q

assimilate

A

absorb; take (food) into the body and digest it; understand (knowledge) completely and be able to use properly; cause to become homogeneous (the peo- ple of a country or race in the wasy of behaving or think- ing)

197
Q

assuage

A

make less severe; ease or lessen (pain); satisfy (hunger); soothe (anger)

198
Q

astigmatism

A

eye defect which prevents proper focus; OP. stigmatism

199
Q

astringent

A

binding; causing contraction

bleeding); harsh or severe; stringent; Ex. astringent criticism

200
Q

astute

A

wise; shrewd; keen; seeing quickly something

that is to one’s advantage

201
Q

asunder

A

into parts; apart; V. sunder

202
Q

atavism

A

resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; reversion to an earlier type; throwback; ADJ. atavistic

203
Q

atone

A

make amends for; pay for; Ex. atone for

204
Q

atrocity

A

brutal deed; ADJ. atrocious

205
Q

atrophy

A

wasting away; V: weaken and lose flesh and muscle (through lack of blood or lack of use)

206
Q

attenuate

A

make thin; weaken

207
Q

attribute

A

essential quality; V: ascribe; explain

208
Q

attrition

A

rubbing away by friction; gradual decrease in numbers or strength; reduction in the work force with- out firing employees; wearing away of opposition by means of harassment; Ex. a war of attrition

209
Q

audacious

A

daring; bold; N. audacity

210
Q

augury

A

omen; prophecy; sign of coming events; V. au-

gur: predict; foretell; be a sign of (something in future)

211
Q

aureole

A

sun’s corona; halo; bright circle of light

212
Q

austere

A

forbiddingly stern; ascetic; without comfort or enjoyment; severely simple and unornamented; Ex. a monk’s austere life; Ex. austere grandeur of the cathe- dral; N. austerity

213
Q

Android

A

automaton mechanism that imitates actions of humans; machine that works by itself

214
Q

auxiliary

A

offering or providing help; additional or sub- sidiary; N: helper; assistant

215
Q

avarice

A

greediness for wealth

216
Q

avenge

A

take vengence for something or on behalf of someone; Ex. They avenged his death by burning the village; Ex. He swore to avenge his brother; Ex. They avenged themselves on their enemy.

217
Q

aver

A

state confidently; declare as true

218
Q

averse

A

reluctant; disinclined; not liking or opposed; Ex.

averse to cats/doing the house work

219
Q

aversion

A

firm dislike

220
Q

avert

A

prevent; avoid; turn away (eyes or thought); Ex. An accident was averted by his quick thinking; Ex. She averted her eyes from the terrible sight.

221
Q

avid

A

greedy; extremely eager for; Ex. avid learner; N.

avidity

222
Q

avocation

A

secondary or minor occupation

223
Q

avuncular

A

of or like an uncle

224
Q

awe

A

solemn wonder;feeling of respect mixed with wonder and fear; V: fill with awe; ADJ. awesome

225
Q

awful

A

terrible; very bad

226
Q

awry

A

distorted; crooked; bent; Ex. Our plans have gone awry.

227
Q

axiom

A

self-evident truth requiring no proof

228
Q

appellate

A
  • of or pertaining to appeals

- having the power or authority to review and decide appeals, as a court

229
Q

arson

A

the malicious burning of another’s house or property or in some statutes the burning of one’s own house or property as to collect insurance
S: incendiarism, pyromania

230
Q

asphyxiate

A

kill by depriving them of air,chock,suffocate,smother

231
Q

anathema

A

a person or thing detested or loathed

232
Q

accolade

A

any award, honour, or laudatory notice

233
Q

accretion

A

an increase by natural growth or by gradual external addition, growth in size or extant, build up

234
Q

ad-hominem

A
  • appealing to ones prejudices; or special interests rather than to ones intellect or reason
  • attacking on opponents character rather than answering his argument
235
Q

accrues

A
  • to happen or result as a natural growth, addition

- to be added as a matter of periodic gain or advantage; as interest on money

236
Q

acquiesce

A

agree, consent, to assent tacitly or comply silently or without protest

237
Q

acquaint

A

to make more or less familiar, aware, or conversant, inform, introduce

238
Q

acculturation

A

the process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group

239
Q

affront

A

insult, deliberate act or display of disrespect, a personally offensive act or word, dirty deed, vexation

240
Q

allege

A
  • claim or assert that someone has done something illegal or wrong, typically without proof that this is the case
  • suppose or affirm to be the case
241
Q

allusion

A
  • a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something; either directly or by implication
  • a metaphor; parable
    S: casual remark, incidental mention, quotation
242
Q

altercation

A
  • a heated or angry dispute; noisy argument or controversy

S: bickering, embroilment, squabbling

243
Q

ameliorate

A

to make or become better, more bearable, or more satisfactory, improve; meliorate

244
Q

amenable

A
  • ready or willing to answer;act;agree or yield upon to influence, persuasion; or advice, agreeable, submissive, tractable
  • legally responsible, answerable
  • capable of or agreeable to being tested, tried, analysed etc
    S: acquiescent, biddable, influenceable, persuadable
    A: uncooperative
245
Q

amicus-curiae

A

a person not a party to litigation, who volunteers or is invited by the court to give advice upon some matter pending before it

246
Q

augur

A

foresee or predict

247
Q

avant gards

A
  • the advance group in any field, especially in the visual, literary or musical arts, whose works are characterised chiefly by unorthodox and experimental methods
  • unorthodox, daring, radical
248
Q

azure

A

sky blue

249
Q

awry

A

distorted; crooked; bent; Ex. Our plans have gone awry.

250
Q

autocratic

A

having absolute unchecked power; dictato- rial; N. autocrat, autocracy

ENGLISH (16 decks)

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