a Flashcards
1
Q
What are gametes
A
Gametes are the specialised cells for reproduction
2
Q
What are the gametes in humans?
A
In humans, the gametes are sperm cells and egg cells
3
Q
What are the gametes in plants?
A
In humans, the gametes are pollen and egg cells
4
Q
How are gametes formed?
A
Gametes are formed through meiosis
5
Q
What does it mean if gametes are formed though meiosis?
A
Every sperm and egg cell are different
6
Q
Explain the difference between human cells and gametes?
Why is it like this?
A
- A human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, however gametes are single, not paired, so they contain half the number of chromosomes
- This is so that when they join together, the new cell contains the right number of chromosomes
7
Q
What is the key difference between mitosis and meiosis?
A
Mitosis leads to genetically identical cells being formed
Meiosis leads to non-identical cells being formed
8
Q
What happens in sexual reproduction?
A
- Sexual reproduction involves the joining of male and female gametes
- There is mixing of genetic information from both parents, which leads to variety in the offspring
- The formation of gametes involves meiosis
9
Q
What happens in asexual reproduction?
A
- Asexual reproduction involves only one parent so there are no fusion of gametes
- There means there is no mixing of genetic information
- This leads to genetically identical offspring, also known as clones
- Only mitosis is involved
