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GROSS ANA (REVIEWER) > '96 > Flashcards

'96 Flashcards

1
Q

External rotators of the shoulder:

a. Infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid
b. Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
c. Pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, subscapularis
d. Trapezius, rhomboid, levator scapulae

A

a. Infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid

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2
Q

Muscle that is not attached to the humerus:

a. Supraspinatus
b. Pectoralis major
c. Pectoralis minor
d. Teres major

A

c. Pectoralis minor

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3
Q

The principal muscle involved in light hand closure is the:

a. Lumbrical
b. Flexor digitorum profundus
c. Interossei
d. Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

b. Flexor digitorum profundus

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4
Q

This blood vessel does not originate from the aortic arch:

a. Right common carotid artery
b. Left subclavian artery
c. Innominate artery
d. Left common carotid artery

A

a. Right common carotid artery

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5
Q

A muscle of facial expression:

a. Digastric
b. Temporalis
c. Masseter
d. Platysma

A

d. Platysma

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6
Q

The ball of the foot corresponds to the:

a. Sole of the foot
b. Heads of the metatarsals
c. Base of the metatarsal
d. Calcaneus

A

a. Sole of the foot

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7
Q

The anconeus is responsible for:

a. Helping maintain elbow extension
b. Stabilizing the elbow joint during other movements of the upper extremity
c. All of these
d. Initiating elbow extension

A

c. All of these

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8
Q

Muscle innervated by the radial nerve:

a. Flexor carpi radialis
b. Flexor pollicis longus
c. Flexor digitorum superficialis
d. Abductor pollicis longus

A

d. Abductor pollicis longus

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9
Q

The conoid and trapezoid are ligaments that connect the:

a. Clavicle and sternum
b. Acromion and clavicle
c. Coracoids and humerus
d. Coracoids and clavicle

A

d. Coracoids and clavicle

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10
Q

In the process of rising up from the sitting position, the following muscles are active, EXCEPT:

a. Iliopsoas
b. Gastrocnemius
c. Gluteus maximus
d. Quadriceps femoris

A

a. Iliopsoas

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11
Q

The trapezius and serratus anterior:

a. Act synergistically in abduction
b. Act as synergists in upward rotation and antagonists in retraction and protraction
c. Act as synergists in retraction and antagonists in upward and downward rotation
d. Act as synergists in upward rotation and antagonists in depression

A

b. Act as synergists in upward rotation and antagonists in retraction and protraction

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12
Q

In what movement of the scapula are the upper and lower trapezius muscles synergists:

a. Scapular retraction
b. Upward rotation
c. Scapular protraction
d. Scapular elevation

A

b. Upward rotation

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13
Q

In a midclavicular fracture, the structure that protects the underlying vessels from being injured is the:

a. Pectoralis minor
b. Subclavius
c. Platysma
d. Subclavian fat pad

A

b. Subclavius

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14
Q

NOT and extrinsic muscle of the hand:

a. Extensor pollicis longus
b. Extensor digitorum
c. Extensor carpi radialis
d. Flexor digitorum profundus

A

c. Extensor carpi radialis

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15
Q

This does not describe the 7th rib:

a. Typical rib
b. Has two demifacets on its head
c. Longest rib
d. Most oblique rib

A

d. Most oblique rib

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16
Q

A house painter who often works with raised arms as the hands work at a height should primarily be given strengthening exercises for the:

a. Middle deltoid
b. Serratus anterior
c. Coracobrachialis
d. Supraspinatus

A

b. Serratus anterior

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17
Q

The inability to make a complete fist with palmar flexion of the wrist is due to:

a. Inadequate length of the FDP and FDS
b. Marked approximation of the proximal and distal attachments of the finger flexors
c. Passive insufficiency of the wrist extensors
d. Active insufficiency of the finger extensors

A

b. Marked approximation of the proximal and distal attachments of the finger flexors

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18
Q

The muscle which has a distal attachment on the pisiform:

a. Flexor carpi radialis
b. Extensor carpi radialislongus
c. Flexor carpi ulnaris
d. Extensor carpi radialisbrevis

A

c. Flexor carpi ulnaris

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19
Q

The glenohumeral joint is most unstable in this position:

a. Flexed, abducted, externally rotated
b. Extended, adducted, internally rotated
c. Flexed, protracted, externally rotated
d. Extended, retracted, externally rotated

A

a. Flexed, abducted, externally rotated

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20
Q

The attachment of the deltoid ligaments are the following, EXCEPT:

a. Tuberosity of navicular
b. Lateral malleolus
c. Medial tuberosity of the talus
d. Sustentaculum tali

A

b. Lateral malleolus

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21
Q

This ligament does NOT contribute to the stability of the hip joint:

a. Ischiofemoral ligament
b. Ligamentum teres
c. Pubofemoral ligament
d. Iliofemoral ligament

A

b. Ligamentum teres

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22
Q

The most commonly injured ligament of the ankle joint in sprain is the:

a. Anterior talofibular ligament
b. Anterior tibiofibular ligament
c. Medial deltoid ligament
d. Calcaneofibular ligament

A

a. Anterior talofibular ligament

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23
Q

With the forearm in the fully pronated position, flexion of the elbow is carried out mostly by
the:

a. Brachioradialis
b. Brachialis
c. Pronator teres
d. Biceps brachii

A

b. Brachialis

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24
Q

The lumbrical muscle:

a. All of these are true
b. Is the only intrinsic muscle responsible for MCP flexion
c. Together with the dorsal interossei, are primarily responsible for extension of the DIP joint
d. Has a better leverage as a DIP extensor compared to its leverage as an MCP flexor

A

d. Has a better leverage as a DIP extensor compared to its leverage as an MCP flexor

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25
Q

Responsible for shoulder retraction:

a. Trapezius and rhomboids
b. Trapezius and levator scapulae
c. Trapezius and latissimusdorsi
d. Trapezius and serratus anterior

A

a. Trapezius and rhomboids

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26
Q

Triceps activity is enhanced by:

a. Elbow extension combined with shoulder extension
b. Elbow flexion combined with shoulder flexion
c. Elbow flexion combined with shoulder extension
d. Elbow extension combined with shoulder flexion

A

d. Elbow extension combined with shoulder flexion

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27
Q

The arcade of frosche may compress the:

a. Ulnar nerve
b. Musculocutaneous nerve
c. Median nerve
d. Posterior interosseous nerve

A

d. Posterior interosseous nerve

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28
Q

When the knee is extended, hip flexion is limited to 60-80 degrees because of passive insufficiency of the:

a. Gluteus maximus
b. Iliopsoas
c. Hamstring
d. Rectus femoris

A

c. Hamstring

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29
Q

The nerve that crosses the elbow as a pure sensory is the:

a. Radial
b. Median
c. Ulnar
d. Musculocutaneous

A

d. Musculocutaneous

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30
Q

The axis for subtalar abduction and adduction is:

a. Transverse
b. Longitudinal
c. Oblique
d. Vertical

A

d. Vertical

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31
Q

The space that is entered during a lumbar puncture to obtain cerebrospinal fluid sample is the:

a. All of these
b. Subdural space
c. Subarachnoid space
d. Epidural space

A

c. Subarachnoid space

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32
Q

A forearm muscle that belongs to the extensor group but flexes the elbow is the:

a. Anconeus
b. Brachioradialis
c. Extensor carpi ulnaris
d. Supinator

A

b. Brachioradialis

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33
Q

Stability of the ankle joint is primarily afforded by the:

a. Negative intra-articular pressure
b. Musculotendinous attachment
c. Osseous architecture
d. Ligamentous connection

A

d. Ligamentous connection

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34
Q

The external intercostals:

a. When present with the internal intercostals, the external intercostals will act in expiration only
b. Assists in forced expiration
c. Has fibers that are slanted downward and backward
d. Does not show any activity during normal, quiet breathing

A

b. Assists in forced expiration

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35
Q

The radial head is kept in place by the:

a. Biceps insertion
b. Ulnar collateral ligament
c. Radial collateral ligament
d. Annular ligament

A

d. Annular ligament

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36
Q

Ligaments that limit shoulder flexion and extension at the glenohumeral joint:

a. Coracohumeral ligament
b. Coracoacromial ligament
c. Acromioclavicular ligament
d. Coracoclavicular ligament

A

a. Coracohumeral ligament

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37
Q

The most superficial muscle in the posterior trunk:

a. Semispinalis
b. Longissimus
c. Multifidus muscles
d. Rotation and suboccipital muscles

A

b. Longissimus

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38
Q

The strongest support for the longitudinal arch of the foot is the:

a. Peroneus longus
b. Tibialis anterior
c. Tibialis posterior
d. Peroneus brevis

A

c. Tibialis posterior

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39
Q

The main function is to stabilize the scapula:

a. Levator scapulae
b. Deltoid
c. Latissimusdorsi
d. Serratus anterior

A

d. Serratus anterior

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40
Q

Ulnar deviation at the wrist is brought about by the action of the:

a. Extensor carpi ulnaris
b. Flexor carpi ulnaris with palmaris longus
c. Flexor carpi ulnaris with the extensor carpi ulnaris
d. Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

c. Flexor carpi ulnaris with the extensor carpi ulnaris

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41
Q

A stab wound to the popliteal fossa will primarily injure which structure:

a. Posterior tibial nerve
b. Popliteus
c. Common peroneal nerve
d. Popliteal artery

A

a. Posterior tibial nerve

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42
Q

Neck side flexion isometric movements is a test for muscles innervated by roots:

a. C3-C4
b. C1-C2
c. C5-C6
d. C4-C5

A

a. C3-C4

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43
Q

With paralysis of the gastrocsoleus:

a. In children, a secondary clubfoot deformity is likely to develop
b. There will be marked difficulty in running and jumping
c. An AFO should always be prescribed
d. The deep muscles of the posterior compartment can substitute as plantar flexors in the ankle

A

b. There will be marked difficulty in running and jumping

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44
Q

Anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is usually potentiated by weakness of this muscle:

a. Supraspinatus
b. Deltoid
c. Subscapularis
d. Teres minor

A

c. Subscapularis

45
Q

During your dissection, in order to expose the brachial artery at the elbow, you have to cut this structure:

a. Brachioradialis
b. Biceps insertion to the radius
c. Biccipital aponeurosis
d. Pronator teres

A

c. Biccipital aponeurosis

46
Q

The epiphysis of a bone is:

a. Found below the metaphysis
b. None of these
c. Located above the diaphysis
d. Located next to the joint

A

d. Located next to the joint

47
Q

The soleus muscle:

a. Contains a higher proportion of slowtwitch fibers compared to the gastrocnemius
b. Shows greatest activity when the ankle is plantar flexed against resistance while in prone with the knee extended
c. Is most effective as a plantar flexor only when the knee is extended
d. Shows equal activity with the gastrocnemius during normal quiet standing

A

a. Contains a higher proportion of slowtwitch fibers compared to the gastrocnemius

48
Q

The teres minor as a rotator cuff muscle:

a. Is responsible for the characteristic roundness of the shoulder
b. Depresses the humeral head in the glenoid together with the supraspinatus and subscapularis
c. Internally rotate the glenohumeral joint during flexion and abduction
d. Prevent shoulder subluxation when carrying a load in the hand while standing erect

A

d. Prevent shoulder subluxation when carrying a load in the hand while standing erect

49
Q

Injury to this nerve produces this type of winging of the scapula. The medial border of the scapula is closer to the midline and the inferior angle is medially rotated:

a. Spinal accessory
b. Dorsal scapular
c. Long thoracic
d. Thoracodorsal

A

c. Long thoracic

50
Q

Hip hiking muscle:

a. Quadratus lumborum
b. Iliopsoas
c. Transverse abdominis
d. Erector spinae

A

a. Quadratus lumborum

51
Q

NOT a characteristic of the lateral epicondyle:

a. It is the common origin of the wrist extensors
b. Injury of this area would not affect the ulnar nerve
c. It is more prominent than the medial epicondyle
d. Inflammation is commonly called tennis elbow

A

c. It is more prominent than the medial epicondyle

52
Q

How many compartments are in the lower leg:

a. 3
b. 4
c. 2
d. 5

53
Q

A hacking wound in the posterior and mid part of the arm by a halo may injure the following, EXCEPT

a. Triceps short head
b. Musculocutaneous nerve
c. Triceps along head
d. Radial nerve

A

b. Musculocutaneous nerve

54
Q

The tibialis anterior:

a. Is also an effective toe extensor
b. Can only invert the foot from a fully everted position up to the neutral position
c. Is not capable of everting the foot at all
d. Is primarily an ankle dorsiflexor as well as a strong invertor

A

c. Is not capable of everting the foot at all

55
Q

True of the brachialis muscle:

a. Is active as an elbow flexor mainly used when used against a resistance
b. Is more active as a flexor during slow muscle contraction
c. Its effectivity as an elbow flexor is unaffected by the position of the forearm
d. All of these

A

c. Its effectivity as an elbow flexor is unaffected by the position of the forearm

56
Q

The following muscles act to flex the humerus, EXCEPT:

a. Biceps brachii
b. Pectoralis major
c. Subscapularis
d. Coracobrachialis

A

c. Subscapularis

56
Q

The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is taut during:

a. Full internal rotation at the
femurotibial joint
b. 40-50 degrees of knee flexion
c. Full side extension
d. Knee adduction

A

a. Full internal rotation at the
femurotibial joint

57
Q

The muscle which covers the 6 external hip rotators is:

a. Gluteus medius
b. Gluteus minimus
c. Tensor fascia latae
d. Gluteus maximus

A

d. Gluteus maximus

58
Q

The following cranial nerves have spinal sensory functional components, EXCEPT:

a. The vestibulocochlear nerve
b. The olfactory nerve
c. The glossopharyngeal nerve
d. The optic nerve

A

c. The glossopharyngeal nerve

59
Q

What is the test position of a fair or better lower trapezius muscle:

a. Prone with the arms over the head
b. Prone with the arms in 90 degrees of abduction
c. Sitting with the arms over the head
d. Supine with the arms over the head

A

a. Prone with the arms over the head

60
Q

Course of the anterior cruciate ligament:

a. Upward, backward, medial
b. Upward, forward, lateral
c. Upward, forward, medial
d. Upward, backward, lateral

A

d. Upward, backward, lateral

61
Q

The strongest extensors of the lumbar spine in strengthening up from a forward flexed bending positions are the:

a. Multifidus muscles
b. Hamstring muscles
c. Gluteus maximus muscle
d. Latissimusdorsi muscle

A

a. Multifidus muscles

62
Q

The flexor muscles of the elbow would be at best advantage when at what degree of flexion?

a. 90 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 45 degrees
d. 120 degrees

A

a. 90 degrees

63
Q

The most important shoulder flexors are the:

a. Anterior deltoid and sterna portion of the pectoralis major
b. Coracobrachialis and biceps brachii
c. Coracobrachialis and anterior deltoid
d. Anterior deltoid and clavicular portion of the pectoralis major

A

d. Anterior deltoid and clavicular portion of the pectoralis major

64
Q

During defecation, an individual has voluntary control over the motor activities of his/her

a. Internal anal sphincter
b. External anal sphincter
c. Sigmoid colon
d. Rectum

A

b. External anal sphincter

64
Q

The most stable position of the hip

a. Externally rotated
b. Internally rotated
c. Adducted
d. Abducted

A

d. Abducted

64
Q

Structure medial to biceps tendon and deep to the biccipitalaponeurosis:

a. Median nerve
b. All of these
c. Deep brachial artery
d. Median cubital vein

A

c. Deep brachial artery

64
Q

A fracture at the proximal neck of the fibula may injure the:

a. Saphenous nerve
b. Tibial nerve
c. Common peroneal nerve
d. Sural nerve

A

c. Common peroneal nerve

64
Q

The external jugular vein is found at the:

a. Submandibular triangle
b. Posterior triangle of the neck
c. Anterior triangle of the neck
d. Carotid triangle

A

b. Posterior triangle of the neck

65
Q

The muscles which flex the MP joints after extending the IP joint are the following, EXCEPT:

a. Lumbricals
b. Palmar interossei
c. Dorsal interossei
d. Long flexors

A

d. Long flexors

66
Q

The only prehension pattern that can be observed in a patient with a median nerve injury

a. Three jaw chuch
b. Lateral pinch
c. Cylindrical grasp
d. Palmar grasp

A

b. Lateral pinch

67
Q

A fan knife thrust into the medial and midpart aspect of the arm may injure the following, EXCEPT:

a. Median nerve
b. Radial nerve
c. Brachial artery
d. Ulnar nerve

A

b. Radial nerve

68
Q

Posterior border of the posterior triangle of the neck

a. Trapezius
b. Sternocleidomastoid
c. Splenius capitis
d. Latissimusdorsi

A

a. Trapezius

69
Q

A razor slash at the anterior surface of the wrist will likely damage the:

a. Median nerve
b. Ulnar nerve
c. All of these
d. Radial nerve

A

a. Median nerve

70
Q

Shoulder medial rotation is performed by the:

a. All of these
b. Latissimusdorsi
c. Subscapularis
d. Teres major

A

a. All of these

71
Q

The key joint in hand movements:

a. Wrist joint
b. Elbow joint
c. Interphalangeal joint
d. Shoulder joint

A

a. Wrist joint

72
Q

Flexion-extension of the thoracic spine totals how much

a. 30 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 15 degrees
d. 40 degrees

A

a. 30 degrees

73
Q

This is not a characteristic of hamstring muscle

a. Supplied by the tibial division of the sciatic nerve
b. Inserts into the tibia or fibula
c. Supplied by the peroneal division of the sciatic nerve
d. Arises from the ischial tuberosity

A

b. Inserts into the tibia or fibula

74
Q

Intervertebral discs are located between vertebral bodies from

a. C1 to S1
b. C1 to L5
c. C2 to L5
d. C2 to S1

A

d. C2 to S1

75
Q

Pulls the scapula medial, upward and posteriorly

a. Rhomboids minor
b. Rhomboids major
c. All of these
d. Levator scapulae

A

c. All of these

76
Q

The bandage muscle, wrapping around other neck muscles

a. Sternocleidomastoid
b. Trapezius
c. Splenius
d. Serratus anterior

A

c. Splenius

77
Q

During flexion of the ankle:

a. The malleoli approximate each other
b. Tibiofibular and interosseous ligaments tend to become horizontal
c. Malleoli are pulled inferiorly
d. The fibula is laterally rotated

A

a. The malleoli approximate each other

77
Q

The following muscles help maintain the relationship articulating parts in the shoulder joint, EXCEPT:

a. Teres major
b. Supraspinatus
c. Subscapularis
d. Teres minor

A

a. Teres major

77
Q

Meniscal tears in the knee joint usually result from

a. Hyperextension
b. Hyperflexion
c. Rotation in full extension
d. Rotation in full flexion

A

d. Rotation in full flexion

78
Q

The muscle lateral to the pectineus

a. Rectus femoris
b. Adductor longus
c. Iliopsoas
d. Piriformis

A

c. Iliopsoas

79
Q

The superficial group of the muscles of the back includes:

a. Serratus posterior
b. Levator scapulae
c. Longissimus
d. Splenius capitis

A

b. Levator scapulae

80
Q

Considering the pain distribution along the medial border of the dorsum of the foot, which spinal level is represented by the saphenous nerve

a. L5
b. L3
c. L2
d. L4

81
Q

Largest branch of the lumbar plexus

a. Ilioinguinal
b. Genitofemoral
c. Anterior crural
d. Iliohypogastric

A

c. Anterior crural

81
Q

Synergist of finger flexors

a. Ulnar deviators
b. Wrist extensors
c. Wrist flexor
d. Radial deviators

A

c. Wrist flexor

81
Q

Muscle tested as an elbow flexor with forearm pronated

a. Coracobrachialis
b. Brachioradialis
c. Brachialis
d. Biceps

A

c. Brachialis

82
Q

The nerve necessary for a normal precision grip

a. Radial
b. Ulnar
c. Median
d. Radial and ulnar

83
Q

A fracture of this bone typically involve the neck and may result in vascular necrosis

a. Trapezoid
b. Scaphoid
c. Hamate
d. Lunate

A

b. Scaphoid

84
Q

The femur is approximately what portion of a person’s height:

a. ¼
b. 1/5
c. 1/6
d. 1/3

85
Q

A hack wound extending to the bone on the posteromedial aspect of the upper limb above the elbow joint will likely damage the:

a. Ulnar nerve
b. Median nerve
c. Radial nerve
d. Musculocutaneous nerve

A

a. Ulnar nerve

86
Q

Muscle which may compress the sciatic as the nerve passes underneath it:

a. Rectus femoris
b. Quadrates femoris
c. Piriformis
d. Gluteus maximus

A

c. Piriformis

87
Q

“Minor’s elbow” refers to an inflammation of the:

a. Olecranon bursa
b. Anconeus
c. Medial epicondyle
d. Lateral epicondyle

A

a. Olecranon bursa

88
Q

The lateral cord continues as the:

a. Axillary nerve
b. Musculocutaneous nerve
c. Radial nerve
d. Ulnar nerve

A

b. Musculocutaneous nerve

89
Q

Branch of the facial nerve innervating the lacrimal gland

a. Temporal branch
b. Zygomatic branch
c. Chorda tympani
d. Petrosal nerve

A

d. Petrosal nerve

90
Q

Muscle which substitutes for a weak or paralyzed scapular adduction

a. Triceps
b. Posterior deltoids
c. Biceps
d. Pectoralis

A

b. Posterior deltoids

91
Q

After removal of the patella from the knee:

a. The quadriceps useless force to extend the knee
b. The patellar tendon lies farther from the center of motion
c. The quadriceps acts with a shorter lever arm
d. Full active extension of the knee is no longer possible

A

c. The quadriceps acts with a shorter lever arm

91
Q

With the exception of the pisiform, which is the smallest of the carpal bone

a. Triquetrium
b. Hamate
c. Trapezium
d. Trapezoid

A

d. Trapezoid

91
Q

The following statements are TRUE about the lateral malleolus, EXCEPT:

a. It extends further distally than the medial malleolus
b. It is more posterior than the medial malleolus
c. Its configuration permits the ankle mortise to point 15 degrees laterally
d. Its distal extension acts as a deterrent to inversion ankle sprains

A

d. Its distal extension acts as a deterrent to inversion ankle sprains

92
Q

Functions of the cruciate ligaments, EXCEPT:

a. Limit rotational movement of the knee
b. Tense in all positions of the knee especially in extreme flexion and extension
c. Prevent anteroposterior displacement of the joint
d. None of these

A

b. Tense in all positions of the knee especially in extreme flexion and extension

93
Q

Flexion at the metatarsophalangeal
joint is possible up to

a. 30-45 degrees
b. 180 degrees
c. 90 degrees
d. 10 degrees

A

a. 30-45 degrees

94
Q

Muscle responsible for rotation of the scapula as in full abduction of the arm

a. Levator scapulae and rhomboid minor
b. Deltoids and biceps
c. Trapezius and serratus anterior
d. Subclavius and pectoralis major

A

c. Trapezius and serratus anterior

95
Q

If the motor root of the trigeminal nerve is injured, paralysis occurs in

a. Buccinator
b. All of these
c. Tensor tympani
d. Posterior belly of the digastric muscle

A

c. Tensor tympani

96
Q

Forms part of the medial wall of the axilla

a. Coracobrachialis
b. Latissimusdorsi
c. Pectoralis minor
d. Serratus anterior

A

d. Serratus anterior

97
Q

NOT an important crutch walking muscle

a. Anconeus
b. Latissimusdorsi
c. Pectoralis major
d. Middle trapezius

A

d. Middle trapezius

98
Q

A muscle that complements the posterior cruciate major and helps prevent forwar subluxation of the femur when doing knee bends is the:

a. Gastrocnemius
b. Popliteus
c. Plantaris
d. Vastusmedialis

A

a. Gastrocnemius

GROSS ANA (REVIEWER) (4 decks)

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