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Neuro > 9.2 > Flashcards

9.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Spinal cord: Located where and protected by what?

A

Vertebral canal
Vertebral ligaments, column, meninges, and CSF

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2
Q

What are the 3 layers of the Meninges?

A

Duramater
Arachnoid
(subarachnoid)
Pia mater

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3
Q

What populates the subarachnoid space?

A

CSF

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4
Q

Spinal cord extends from ____ to _____

A

Medulla oblongata- L2

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5
Q

What are the two hemispheres of the spinal cord?

A

Posterior median Sulcus
Anterior median Fissure

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6
Q

Two bundles of axons that connect each spinal nerve to a segments of the spinal cord.

A

Root

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7
Q

Root that contains sensory axons that conduct nerve impulses from sensory receptors (afferent)

A

Posterior

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8
Q

Root that contains axons of Motor neurons, that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to the effectors.

A

Anterior

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9
Q

In the spinal cord, White matter and gray matter do what?

A

White - transmits impulse
Gray- Receives impulse

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10
Q

Gray matter has 3 horns, name them.

A

Posterior, anterior, lateral gray horn

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11
Q

Gray Horn: Cell bodies, axons of interneurons and sensory neurons

A

Posterior gray horn

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12
Q

Gray Horn: Somatic motor neurons

A

Anterior Gray horn

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13
Q

Gray Horn: Only seen in Thoracic and upper lumbar, Autonomic motor neurons, regulate cardiac muscle, smooth, and glands

A

Lateral Gray horns

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14
Q

Two types of reflexes in the nervous system

A

Spinal- IE DTR’s
Cranial- IE Cranial nerve reflex testing

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15
Q

Where are the 31 spinal nerves?

A

C- 8
T- 12
L- 5
S- 5
C- 1

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16
Q

Each spinal nerve has layers of protections, name them from inner to outer

A

endoneurium
Fascicle (bundle around axon)
perineurium (wrap the fascicles)
Epineurium (most outer cover)

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17
Q

Cervical plexus locations

A

Neck, head, shoulders, diaphragm

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18
Q

Brachial plexus locations

A

Upper limbs, neck and shoulders

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19
Q

Lumbar Plexus locations-

A

Abdominal walls, genitals, lower limbs

20
Q

Sacral plexus locations

A

Buttocks, most of legs, perineum(gooch)

21
Q

What in the brain is a circulatory anastomosis and stems from the two carotid arteries?

A

Circle of Willis

22
Q

What materials are allowed to go through the blood brain barrier?

A

Lipid soluble materials ie 02, co2, alcohol, anesthesia,

23
Q

What does CSF do? Where does it circulate?

A

Cushions, supplies o2, glucose, and removes waste
Through the cavities in the brain (ventricles)
Subarachnoid space

24
Q

Components: Brain Stem

A

Medulla Oblongota, Pons, Midbrain

25
Q

Components: Diencephalon

A

Thalmus, Hypothalamus, pineal gland,

26
Q

Cerebellum

A

balance, equilibrium, pineal gland

27
Q

Largest most superior part of the brain

A

Cerebrum

28
Q

Regulates breathing, regulates rate and force of heart and diameter of vessels

A

Medulla oblongata

29
Q

Bridge between medulla and midbrain, Connects L and R brain, controls breathing,

A

Pons

30
Q

Connects pons to diencephalon

A

midbrain

31
Q

Diencephalon

A

central part of the brain that includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal

32
Q

Diencephalon- thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal- what do they do?

A

Thalmus- sensory relay center
Hypothalamus - body temp, horomones, integrates ANS
Pineal- Melatonin

33
Q

What separates the cerebrum into left and right

A

Longitudinal fissure

34
Q

What connects the cerebrum together internally?

A

Corpus Callosum

35
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the brain?

A

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal,

36
Q

What separates the frontal and parietal lobe?

A

Central Sulcus

37
Q

Precentral gyrus anterior to the central sulcus=

A

motor

38
Q

Postcentral gyrus posterior to the central sulcus =

A

sensory

39
Q

“Emotional brain”, pain, pleasure, anger, affection and behavior =

A

Limbic system

40
Q

part of brain that controls survival

A

Limbic

41
Q

What hemisphere controls speech, writing, math, science, and reason (artsy side)

A

Left

42
Q

What hemisphere controls pattern recognition, emotional content of language, senses (business side)

A

Right (shake with right hand =business)

43
Q

What part of the brain deals with memory?

A

Cerebellum

44
Q

What is considered the major parasympathetic nerve?

A

Vagus
deals with 80 % of functions

45
Q
A

Neuro (5 decks)

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